Ovarian morphology and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in Japanese women with type 1 diabetes mellitus

• Published in: Journal of diabetes investigation Vol. 4; no. 3; pp. 326 - 329
• Main Authors: Miyoshi, Arina, Nagai, So, Takeda, Masamitsu, Kondo, Takuma, Nomoto, Hiroshi, Kameda, Hiraku, Hirai, Amiko, Cho, Kyuyong, Kimachi, Kimihiko, Shimizu, Chikara, Atsumi, Tatsuya, Miyoshi, Hideaki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-05-2013; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Wiley-Blackwell
• Subjects: Irregular menstrual cycles; Original; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Irregular menstrual cycles; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Type 1 diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 2040-1116; 2040-1124
• DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12040

Aims/Introduction
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder including polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM), ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism. PCOS is frequently associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, it is unknown whether PCOM and PCOS are prevalent in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of our study was to determine the frequency of PCOM and PCOS in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods
We evaluated clinical, hormonal and ovarian ultrasound data from 21 type 1 diabetes mellitus patients whose average glycated hemoglobin levels were 7.9 ± 1.5%.
Results
Ultrasound identified PCOM in 11 patients (52.4%) and these patients also had higher levels of the androgen dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA‐S) than those without PCOM (P < 0.05). Of the patients with PCOM, five presented menstrual irregularities (45.5%) and three met the Japanese criteria for PCOS (27.2%); whereas all patients without PCOM had a normal menstrual cycle (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Japanese premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes mellitus had a high frequency of PCOM as well as PCOS. This is the first research of this area carried out in an Asian population.