Computation of Losses in HTS Under the Action of Varying Magnetic Fields and Currents

• Published in: IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 78 - 110
• Main Authors: Grilli, Francesco, Pardo, Enric, Stenvall, Antti, Nguyen, Doan N., Weijia Yuan, Gomory, Fedor
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01-02-2014; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Alternate current (ac) losses; Applied sciences; Computation; Computational modeling; coupling losses; Current density; Devices; eddy-current losses; Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering; Electromagnetics; Electronics; Exact sciences and technology; Filaments; High-temperature superconductors; hysteresis losses; Magnetic hysteresis; magnetic materials; Materials; Mathematical models; numerical modeling; Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices; Superconducting devices; Superconducting magnets; Superconducting tapes; Superconductors; Wire; Performance evaluation; Twisted shape; Ferromagnetic materials; Alternate current (ac) losses; coupling losses; Experimental study; eddy-current losses; Implementation; Eddy current losses; Hysteresis loss; Magnetic material; Superconducting tapes; magnetic materials; Numerical simulation; AC losses; Magnetic field; hysteresis losses; High temperature superconductor; numerical modeling
• ISSN: 1051-8223; 1558-2515
• DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2013.2259827

Numerical modeling of superconductors is widely recognized as a powerful tool for interpreting experimental results, understanding physical mechanisms, and predicting the performance of high-temperature-superconductor (HTS) tapes, wires, and devices. This is particularly true for ac loss calculation since a sufficiently low ac loss value is imperative to make these materials attractive for commercialization. In recent years, a large variety of numerical models, which are based on different techniques and implementations, has been proposed by researchers around the world, with the purpose of being able to estimate ac losses in HTSs quickly and accurately. This paper presents a literature review of the methods for computing ac losses in HTS tapes, wires, and devices. Technical superconductors have a relatively complex geometry (filaments, which might be twisted or transposed, or layers) and consist of different materials. As a result, different loss contributions exist. In this paper, we describe the ways of computing such loss contributions, which include hysteresis losses, eddy-current losses, coupling losses, and losses in ferromagnetic materials. We also provide an estimation of the losses occurring in a variety of power applications.