Bikaverin and fusaric acid from Fusarium oxysporum show antioomycete activity against Phytophthora infestans

• Published in: Journal of applied microbiology Vol. 104; no. 3; pp. 692 - 698
• Main Authors: Son, S.W., Kim, H.Y., Choi, G.J., Lim, H.K., Jang, K.S., Lee, S.O., Lee, S., Sung, N.D., Kim, J.‐C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-03-2008; Blackwell Science
• Subjects: antifungal activity; antioomycete activity; bikaverin; Biological and medical sciences; Capsicum - microbiology; Food Microbiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fungicides, Industrial - pharmacology; fusaric acid; Fusaric Acid - chemistry; Fusaric Acid - pharmacology; Fusarium - chemistry; Fusarium oxysporum; Microbiology; Phytophthora - drug effects; Phytophthora infestans; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Xanthones - chemistry; Xanthones - pharmacology; Fungi; Stramenopila; fusaric acid; Antifungal agent; Fusarium oxysporum; Applied microbiology; bikaverin; Phytophthora infestans; antioomycete activity; Fungi Imperfecti; Oomycota; antifungal activity
• ISSN: 1364-5072; 1365-2672
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03581.x

Aims:  To isolate and identify antioomycete substances from Fusarium oxysporum EF119 against Phytophthora infestans and to investigate their antimicrobial activities against various plant pathogenic bacteria, oomycetes and true fungi.
Methods and Results:  Two antioomycete substances were isolated from liquid cultures of F. oxysporum EF119, which shows a potent disease control efficacy against tomato late blight caused by P. infestans. They were identified as bikaverin and fusaric acid by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analyses. They inhibited the mycelial growth of plant pathogenic oomycetes and fungi. Fusaric acid also effectively suppressed the cell growth of various plant pathogenic bacteria, but bikaverin was virtually inactive. Treatment with bikaverin at 300 μg ml−1 suppressed the development of tomato late blight by 71%. Fusaric acid provided effective control against tomato late blight and wheat leaf rust over 67% at concentrations more than 100 μg ml−1.
Conclusions:  Both bikaverin and fusaric acid showed in vitro and in vivo antioomycete activity against P. infestans.
Significance and Impact of the Study:  Fusarium oxysporum EF119 producing both bikaverin and fusaric acid may be used as a biocontrol agent against tomato late blight caused by P. infestans.