Radiological diagnosis of dialysis-associated complications

• Published in: Insights into imaging Vol. 5; no. 5; pp. 603 - 617
• Main Authors: Zandieh, Shahin, Muin, Dina, Bernt, Reinhard, Krenn-List, Petra, Mirzaei, Siroos, Haller, Joerg
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-10-2014
• Subjects: Diagnostic Radiology; Imaging; Internal Medicine; Interventional Radiology; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Neuroradiology; Pictorial Review; Radiology; Ultrasound; Shunt stenosis; Dialysis; Infections; Catheter dysfunction; Cardiovascular diseases; Complications
• ISSN: 1869-4101; 1869-4101
• DOI: 10.1007/s13244-014-0350-4

In daily clinical practice, the radiologist in the context of diagnosis often faces dialysis-associated complications. The complications are numerous and range from infections, catheter dysfunctions, haematomas, cardiovascular diseases, digital ischaemia, and pseudoaneurysms to shunt stenosis. In this pictorial essay, we take a close look at the imaging diagnostics of the most common complications in dialysis patients.
Teaching Points
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The occurrence of venous stenosis in haemodialysis patients is up to 41 %.
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Catheters usually have a fibrin sheath that can be rinsed but not aspirated.
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The steal phenomenon occurs in 75–90 % of patients with a shunt system.
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Arterial pseudoaneurysms can cause a number of complications.