Treatment of a multiple sclerosis animal model by a novel nanodrop formulation of a natural antioxidant

• Published in: International journal of nanomedicine Vol. 10; no. default; pp. 7165 - 7174
• Main Authors: Binyamin, Orli, Larush, Liraz, Frid, Kati, Keller, Guy, Friedman-Levi, Yael, Ovadia, Haim, Abramsky, Oded, Magdassi, Shlomo, Gabizon, Ruth
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01-01-2015; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - administration & dosage; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Brain - drug effects; Brain - metabolism; Care and treatment; Demyelinating Diseases - drug therapy; Demyelinating Diseases - pathology; Disease Models, Animal; Drug therapy; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental - chemically induced; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental - drug therapy; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental - prevention & control; Female; Humans; Lipids - chemistry; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Biological; Multiple sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis - drug therapy; Multiple Sclerosis - pathology; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Original Research; Oxidation-Reduction; Particle Size; Physiological aspects; Plant Oils - administration & dosage; Plant Oils - pharmacology; Plant Oils - therapeutic use; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism; Israel; EAE; neurodegeneration; PSO; oxidative stress; nanodrops
• ISSN: 1178-2013; 1176-9114; 1178-2013
• DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S92704

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system and is associated with demyelination, neurodegeneration, and sensitivity to oxidative stress. In this work, we administered a nanodroplet formulation of pomegranate seed oil (PSO), denominated Nano-PSO, to mice induced for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an established model of MS. PSO comprises high levels of punicic acid, a unique polyunsaturated fatty acid considered as one of the strongest natural antioxidants. We show here that while EAE-induced mice treated with natural PSO presented some reduction in disease burden, this beneficial effect increased significantly when EAE mice were treated with Nano-PSO of specific size nanodroplets at much lower concentrations of the oil. Pathological examinations revealed that Nano-PSO administration dramatically reduced demyelination and oxidation of lipids in the brains of the affected animals, which are hallmarks of this severe neurological disease. We propose that novel formulations of natural antioxidants such as Nano-PSO may be considered for the treatment of patients suffering from demyelinating diseases. On the mechanistic side, our results demonstrate that lipid oxidation may be a seminal feature in both demyelination and neurodegeneration.