Amelioration of lipopeptide biosurfactants for enhanced antibacterial and biocompatibility through molecular antioxidant property by methoxy and carboxyl moieties

• Published in: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Vol. 161; p. 114493
• Main Authors: Kumari, Khushbu, Behera, Himadri Tanaya, Nayak, Priyadarshini Pratikshya, Sinha, Adrija, Nandi, Aditya, Ghosh, Aishee, Saha, Utsa, Suar, Mrutyunjay, Panda, Pritam Kumar, Verma, Suresh K., Raina, Vishakha
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Elsevier Masson SAS 01-05-2023; Elsevier
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibacterial; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Biosurfactants; Brevibacterium casei; Cytotoxicity; Eco-compatibility; Free Radicals; Lipopeptides - pharmacology; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Surface-Active Agents - chemistry; Surface-Active Agents - pharmacology; Cytotoxicity; Brevibacterium casei; Eco-compatibility; Antibacterial; Biosurfactants
• ISSN: 0753-3322; 1950-6007; 1950-6007
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114493

Biosurfactants having surface-active biomolecules have been the cynosure in environment research due to their vast application. However, the lack of information about their low-cost production and detailed mechanistic biocompatibility limits the applicability. The study explores techniques for the production and design of low-cost, biodegradable, and non-toxic biosurfactants from Brevibacterium casei strain LS14 and excavates the mechanistic details of their biomedical properties like antibacterial effects and biocompatibility. Taguchi’s design of experiment was used to optimize for enhancing biosurfactant production by optimal factor combinations like Waste glycerol (1%v/v), peptone (1%w/v), NaCl 0.4% (w/v), and pH 6. Under optimal conditions, the purified biosurfactant reduced the surface tension to 35 mN/m from 72.8 mN/m (MSM) and a critical micelle concentration of 25 mg/ml was achieved. Spectroscopic analyses of the purified biosurfactant using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance suggested it as a lipopeptide biosurfactant. The evaluation of mechanistic antibacterial, antiradical, antiproliferative, and cellular effects indicated the efficient antibacterial activity (against Pseudomonas aeruginosa) of biosurfactants due to free radical scavenging activity and oxidative stress. Moreover, the cellular cytotoxicity was estimated by MTT and other cellular assays revealing the phenomenon as the dose-dependent induction of apoptosis due to free radical scavenging with an LC50 of 55.6 ± 2.3 mg/ml.
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•Low-cost, biodegradable, and non-toxic biosurfactant was isolated from Brevibacterium casei LS14.•Biosurfactant production was optimized using Taguchi Design of Experiment.•Use of waste glycerol was verified as an alternative source of carbon for biosurfactant production.•Biosurfactant showed ROS scavenging based antibacterial property.•Biosurfactant was biocompatible with HEK293 cells with high cell migration potential.