Stromal Heterogeneity in the Human Proliferative Endometrium—A Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Study

• Published in: Journal of personalized medicine Vol. 11; no. 6; p. 448
• Main Authors: Queckbörner, Suzanna, von Grothusen, Carolina, Boggavarapu, Nageswara Rao, Francis, Roy Mathew, Davies, Lindsay C., Gemzell-Danielsson, Kristina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Biopsy; Cell cycle; Cell lineage; Cell suspensions; endometrial pericyte; endometrial regeneration; Endometriosis; Endometrium; Extracellular matrix; Gene expression; Genomics; Inflammation; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Menstrual cycle; Menstruation; mesenchymal stromal cell; Precision medicine; Principal components analysis; Quality control; Stromal cells; Womens health; wound healing; United States > US; Sweden; Germany
• ISSN: 2075-4426; 2075-4426
• DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060448

The endometrium undergoes regular regeneration and stromal proliferation as part of the normal menstrual cycle. To better understand cellular interactions driving the mechanisms in endometrial regeneration we employed single-cell RNA sequencing. Endometrial biopsies were obtained during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle from healthy fertile women and processed to single-cell suspensions which were submitted for sequencing. In addition to known endometrial cell types, bioinformatic analysis revealed multiple stromal populations suggestive of specific stromal niches with the ability to control inflammation and extracellular matrix composition. Ten different stromal cells and two pericyte subsets were identified. Applying different R packages (Seurat, SingleR, Velocyto) we established cell cluster diversity and cell lineage/trajectory, while using external data to validate our findings. By understanding healthy regeneration in the described stromal compartments, we aim to identify points of further investigation and possible targets for novel therapy development for benign gynecological disorders affecting endometrial regeneration and proliferation such as endometriosis and Asherman’s syndrome.