Modelling marine community responses to climate-driven species redistribution to guide monitoring and adaptive ecosystem-based management

• Published in: Global change biology Vol. 22; no. 7; pp. 2462 - 2474
• Main Authors: Marzloff, Martin Pierre, Melbourne-Thomas, Jessica, Hamon, Katell G., Hoshino, Eriko, Jennings, Sarah, van Putten, Ingrid E., Pecl, Gretta T.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-07-2016
• Subjects: Aquatic Organisms; Australia; Climate Change; Conservation of Natural Resources; Ecosystem; Ecosystems; LEI Performance and Impact Agrosectors; LEI Performance en Impact Agrosectoren; management support tool; Models, Theoretical; Performance and Impact Agrosectors; Performance en Impact Agrosectoren; qualitative modelling of system feedback; qualitative network models; range shifts; temperate reef; trophic cascade; tropicalisation; Australia; management support tool; range shifts; tropicalisation; trophic cascade; qualitative modelling of system feedback; climate change; qualitative network models; temperate reef
• ISSN: 1354-1013; 1365-2486
• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13285

As a consequence of global climate‐driven changes, marine ecosystems are experiencing polewards redistributions of species – or range shifts – across taxa and throughout latitudes worldwide. Research on these range shifts largely focuses on understanding and predicting changes in the distribution of individual species. The ecological effects of marine range shifts on ecosystem structure and functioning, as well as human coastal communities, can be large, yet remain difficult to anticipate and manage. Here, we use qualitative modelling of system feedback to understand the cumulative impacts of multiple species shifts in south‐eastern Australia, a global hotspot for ocean warming. We identify range‐shifting species that can induce trophic cascades and affect ecosystem dynamics and productivity, and evaluate the potential effectiveness of alternative management interventions to mitigate these impacts. Our results suggest that the negative ecological impacts of multiple simultaneous range shifts generally add up. Thus, implementing whole‐of‐ecosystem management strategies and regular monitoring of range‐shifting species of ecological concern are necessary to effectively intervene against undesirable consequences of marine range shifts at the regional scale. Our study illustrates how modelling system feedback with only limited qualitative information about ecosystem structure and range‐shifting species can predict ecological consequences of multiple co‐occurring range shifts, guide ecosystem‐based adaptation to climate change and help prioritise future research and monitoring.