Developing Edge AI Computer Vision for Smart Poultry Farms Using Deep Learning and HPC

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 23; no. 6; p. 3002
• Main Authors: Cakic, Stevan, Popovic, Tomo, Krco, Srdjan, Nedic, Daliborka, Babic, Dejan, Jovovic, Ivan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 10-03-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Accuracy; Agriculture; Algorithms; Animals; Artificial intelligence; Chickens; Computer vision; Computers; convolutional neural networks; Datasets; Deep Learning; digital farm management; edge AI; Epidemics; Farm management; Farmers; Farms; Food; high-performance computing; Internet of Things; Livestock farms; Machine vision; Neural networks; Poultry; Poultry farming; Poultry industry; Prediction models; Sensors; deep learning; digital farm management; computer vision; edge AI; smart farms; convolutional neural networks; machine learning; high-performance computing
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s23063002

This research describes the use of high-performance computing (HPC) and deep learning to create prediction models that could be deployed on edge AI devices equipped with camera and installed in poultry farms. The main idea is to leverage an existing IoT farming platform and use HPC offline to run deep learning to train the models for object detection and object segmentation, where the objects are chickens in images taken on farm. The models can be ported from HPC to edge AI devices to create a new type of computer vision kit to enhance the existing digital poultry farm platform. Such new sensors enable implementing functions such as counting chickens, detection of dead chickens, and even assessing their weight or detecting uneven growth. These functions combined with the monitoring of environmental parameters, could enable early disease detection and improve the decision-making process. The experiment focused on Faster R-CNN architectures and AutoML was used to identify the most suitable architecture for chicken detection and segmentation for the given dataset. For the selected architectures, further hyperparameter optimization was carried out and we achieved the accuracy of AP = 85%, AP50 = 98%, and AP75 = 96% for object detection and AP = 90%, AP50 = 98%, and AP75 = 96% for instance segmentation. These models were installed on edge AI devices and evaluated in the online mode on actual poultry farms. Initial results are promising, but further development of the dataset and improvements in prediction models is needed.