The effect of 3‐year parental smoking on asthma status of their children

• Published in: The clinical respiratory journal Vol. 16; no. 5; pp. 394 - 401
• Main Authors: Boskabady, Mostafa, Hajizadeh, Ali A., Ahanchian, Hamid, Memarzia, Arghavan, Jafarnezhad, Maryam, Golafshani, Armin, Boskabady, Mohammad H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-05-2022; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Asthma; Asthma - diagnosis; Asthma - drug therapy; Asthma - epidemiology; Child; Child, Preschool; children; Childrens health; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Original; Parents; Parents & parenting; pulmonary function tests; Respiratory Function Tests; Respiratory Sounds; respiratory symptoms; Smoking; Vital Capacity; pulmonary function tests; respiratory symptoms; asthma; children; smoking
• ISSN: 1752-6981; 1752-699X
• DOI: 10.1111/crj.13492

Objective
Whilst the prevalence and severity of asthma influenced by environmental factors, the effect of parental smoking on asthma status of their children was examined.
Patients and Methods
Ninety asthmatic children, 32 with smoker and 58 with non‐smoker parents (baseline age, 8.5 ± 3.5 and 8.2 ± 3.3 respectively) were studies in two sessions 3 years apart by evaluating respiratory symptoms (RS) prevalence and severity, various drugs used, and pulmonary function tests (PFT) including forced vital capacity; forced volume in the first second, peak expiratory flow; and maximum expiratory low at 75, 50 and 25% of vital capacity (FVC, FEV1, PEF, MEF75, MEF50 and MEF25, respectively).
Results
The prevalence and severity of all RS were significantly increased in asthmatic children with smoking parents after 3 years except prevalence and severity of night wheeze and the prevalence of chest wheeze (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001), but the PFT values were non‐significantly reduced. In asthmatic children with non‐smoking parents, the prevalence and severity of RS were decreased after 3 years, which was significant for night and chest wheeze for prevalence and night cough and chest wheeze for severity (all, p < 0.05), and the PFT values were increased, which were statistically significant for FVC, FEV1, MEF50 and MEF25 (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). Drugs used by the group with smoking parents were increased and were significantly higher than their reduction in the groups with non‐smoking parents at the end of the study (p < 0.05 for fluticasone propionate 125/salmeterol and budesonide160/formoterol).
Conclusion
Long‐term parental smoking increased prevalence and severity of RS and drug used but decreased PFT values of their asthmatic children.
The effect of 3‐year parental smoking on asthma status of their children was examined. The prevalence and severity of respiratory were significantly higher, but the PFT values were lower in asthmatic children with smoking parents compared to those of non‐smoking parents at the end of the study. Long‐term parental smoking affects their asthmatic children status.