Detailed analysis of the pathologic hallmarks of Nipah virus (Malaysia) disease in the African green monkey infected by the intratracheal route

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 17; no. 2; p. e0263834
• Main Authors: Cline, Curtis, Bell, Todd M, Facemire, Paul, Zeng, Xiankun, Briese, Thomas, Lipkin, W Ian, Shamblin, Joshua D, Esham, Heather L, Donnelly, Ginger C, Johnson, Joshua C, Hensley, Lisa E, Honko, Anna N, Johnston, Sara C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 10-02-2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Aerosols; Animals; Biology and Life Sciences; Causes of; Chlorocebus aethiops; Development and progression; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Encephalitis, Viral; Encephalitis, Viral - pathology; Fatalities; Health aspects; Henipavirus Infections - pathology; Infections; Infectious diseases; Lung Diseases - pathology; Lung Diseases - virology; Malaysia; Male; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Monkeys; Neurological complications; Nipah virus; Nipah Virus - classification; Nipah Virus - pathogenicity; Pathogenesis; Pathology; Public health; Research and Analysis Methods; Respiratory diseases; Thrombosis; Trachea; Veterinary medicine; Virology; Viruses; Zoonoses; Malaysia; United States; New York; Bangladesh; Cambodia; United States > US; Massachusetts; Maryland; India
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263834

Disease associated with Nipah virus infection causes a devastating and often fatal spectrum of syndromes predominated by both respiratory and neurologic conditions. Additionally, neurologic sequelae may manifest months to years later after virus exposure or apparent recovery. In the two decades since this disease emerged, much work has been completed in an attempt to understand the pathogenesis and facilitate development of medical countermeasures. Here we provide detailed organ system-specific pathologic findings following exposure of four African green monkeys to 2.41×105 pfu of the Malaysian strain of Nipah virus. Our results further substantiate the African green monkey as a model of human Nipah virus disease, by demonstrating both the respiratory and neurologic components of disease. Additionally, we demonstrate that a chronic phase of disease exists in this model, that may provide an important opportunity to study the enigmatic late onset and relapse encephalitis as it is described in human disease.