Therapeutic Applications of Noninvasive Neuromodulation in Children and Adolescents

• Published in: The Psychiatric clinics of North America Vol. 41; no. 3; pp. 465 - 477
• Main Authors: Doruk Camsari, Deniz, MD, Kirkovski, Melissa, PhD, Croarkin, Paul E., DO, MS
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-09-2018
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adolescent depression; Autism spectrum disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder - therapy; Cerebral Palsy - therapy; Child; Depressive Disorder, Major - therapy; Epilepsy - therapy; Humans; Neurodevelopmental Disorders - therapy; Neuromodulation; Noninvasive brain stimulation; Psychiatric/Mental Health; Schizophrenia - therapy; tDCS; TMS; Transcranial direct current stimulation; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation - methods; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - methods; Noninvasive brain stimulation; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; tDCS; TMS; Neuromodulation; Transcranial direct current stimulation; Autism spectrum disorder; Adolescent depression
• ISSN: 0193-953X; 1558-3147; 1558-3147
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2018.05.003

Recent advances and growing evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of noninvasive neuromodulatory techniques in adults have facilitated the study of neuromodulation applications in children and adolescents. Noninvasive brain stimulation methods such as transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation have been considered in children with depression, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and other neuropsychiatric disorders. However, current clinical applications of neuromodulation techniques in children and adolescents are nascent. There is a great need for developmentally informed, large, double-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trials to demonstrate efficacy and safety of noninvasive brain stimulation in children and adolescents.