Sequential protein extraction as an efficient method for improved proteome coverage in larvae of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

• Published in: Proteomics (Weinheim) Vol. 16; no. 14; pp. 2043 - 2047
• Main Authors: Nuez-Ortín, Waldo G., Carter, Chris G., Nichols, Peter D., Wilson, Richard
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-07-2016; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Animal proteomic; Animal tissues; Animals; Aquaculture; Buffers; Chromatography, Liquid - instrumentation; Chromatography, Liquid - methods; Consortia; Fish; Fish larvae; Fish Proteins - genetics; Fish Proteins - isolation & purification; Fish Proteins - metabolism; Fractionation; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Gene Ontology; Information Dissemination; Internet; Larva - genetics; Larva - growth & development; Larva - metabolism; Larvae; Liquid-Liquid Extraction - methods; Molecular Sequence Annotation; Physiology; Protein composition; Protein fractionation; Proteins; Proteome - genetics; Proteome - isolation & purification; Proteome - metabolism; Proteome coverage; Proteomics; Salmo salar; Salmo salar - genetics; Salmo salar - growth & development; Salmo salar - metabolism; Salmon; Sodium chloride; Tandem Mass Spectrometry - instrumentation; Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods; Thiourea; Urea; Animal proteomic; Protein fractionation; Fish larvae; Proteome coverage
• ISSN: 1615-9853; 1615-9861
• DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600051

Understanding diet‐ and environmentally induced physiological changes in fish larvae is a major goal for the aquaculture industry. Proteomic analysis of whole fish larvae comprising multiple tissues offers considerable potential but is challenging due to the very large dynamic range of protein abundance. To extend the coverage of the larval phase of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) proteome, we applied a two‐step sequential extraction (SE) method, based on differential protein solubility, using a nondenaturing buffer containing 150 mM NaCl followed by a denaturing buffer containing 7 M urea and 2 M thiourea. Extracts prepared using SE and one‐step direct extraction were characterized via label‐free shotgun proteomics using nanoLC‐MS/MS (LTQ‐Orbitrap). SE partitioned the proteins into two fractions of approximately equal amounts, but with very distinct protein composition, leading to identification of ∼40% more proteins than direct extraction. This fractionation strategy enabled the most detailed characterization of the salmon larval proteome to date and provides a platform for greater understanding of physiological changes in whole fish larvae. The MS data are available via the ProteomeXchange Consortium PRIDE partner repository, dataset PXD003366.