Role of Glycation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Prevention through Nymphaea Species

• Published in: BioMed research international Vol. 2021; pp. 7240046 - 14
• Main Authors: Ishrat, Nayab, Khan, Hamda, Patel, Om P. S., Mahdi, Abbas Ali, Mujeeb, Farina, Ahmad, Saheem
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Hindawi 2021; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Advanced glycosylation end products; Age; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Antidiabetics; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Aquatic plants; Biomarkers; Biomedical research; Biomolecules; Care and treatment; Chemical properties; Chronic illnesses; Complications; Development and progression; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Free radicals; Glucose; Glucose metabolism; Glycation End Products, Advanced - metabolism; Glycosylation; Glycosylation - drug effects; Health aspects; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemic agents; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Inflammation; Inflammatory diseases; Insulin resistance; Intracellular signalling; Medicinal plants; Metabolic disorders; Metabolites; Mitochondrial DNA; Natural products; Nutritive value; Nymphaea; Nymphaea - metabolism; Oxidation; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - physiology; Pharmacology, Experimental; Physiological aspects; Phytochemicals; Phytochemicals - therapeutic use; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Prevention; Preventive medicine; Proteins; Review; Scavenging; Species; Therapeutic targets; Type 2 diabetes; Water lilies; India
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2021/7240046

The dysregulation of glucose metabolism that includes the modification of biomolecules with the help of glycation reaction results in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The formation of AGEs may activate receptors for advanced glycation end products which induce intracellular signaling, ultimately enhancing oxidative stress, a well-known contributor to type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, AGEs are possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. This review article highlights the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties of the Nymphaea species, and the screening of such aquatic plants for antiglycation activity may provide a safer alternative to the adverse effects related to glucotoxicity. Since oxidation and glycation are relatively similar to each other, therefore, there is a possibility that the Nymphaea species may also have antiglycating properties because of its powerful antioxidant properties. Herbal products and their derivatives are the preeminent resources showing prominent medicinal properties for most of the chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among these, the Nymphaea species has also shown elevated activity in scavenging free radicals. This species has a load of phytochemical constituents which shows various therapeutic and nutritional value including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant profiles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article highlighting the possibility of an antiglycation value of the Nymphaea species by inhibiting AGEs in mediation of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We hope that in the next few years, the clinical and therapeutic potential may be explored and highlight a better perspective on the Nymphaea species in the inhibition of AGEs and its associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus.