A Review on Endoscopic Management of Acute Cholecystitis: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gallbladder Drainage and Endoscopic Transpapillary Gallbladder Drainage

• Published in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Vol. 60; no. 2; p. 212
• Main Authors: Manudhane, Albert P, Leupold, Matthew D, Shah, Hamza W, Shah, Raj, Han, Samuel Y, Lee, Peter J, Burlen, Jordan J, Papachristou, Georgios I, Krishna, Somashekar G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-01-2024
• Subjects: acute cholecystitis; Antibiotics; Bile ducts; Care and treatment; Catheters; Cholecystectomy; Cholecystitis; Cholecystitis, Acute - diagnostic imaging; Cholecystitis, Acute - etiology; Cholecystitis, Acute - surgery; Complications and side effects; Dexmedetomidine; Drainage - adverse effects; endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage; Endoscopic ultrasonography; endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage; Endoscopy; Endosonography; Gallbladder; Gallbladder diseases; Gallstones; General anesthesia; Humans; laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Laparoscopy; lumen-apposing metal stent; Medical equipment and supplies industry; Medical test kit industry; Patient satisfaction; Patients; percutaneous cholecystostomy; Small intestine; Stents; Success; Surgery; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasonography, Interventional; United States; United States > US; acute cholecystitis; double-pigtail plastic stent; endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage; laparoscopic cholecystectomy; percutaneous cholecystostomy; AXIOS; endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage; lumen-apposing metal stent
• ISSN: 1648-9144; 1010-660X; 1648-9144
• DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020212

A percutaneous cholecystostomy tube (PCT) is the conventionally favored nonoperative intervention for treating acute cholecystitis. However, PCT is beset by high adverse event rates, need for scheduled reintervention, and inadvertent dislodgement, as well as patient dissatisfaction with a percutaneous drain. Recent advances in endoscopic therapy involve the implementation of endoscopic transpapillary drainage (ETP-GBD) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD), which are increasingly preferred over PCT due to their favorable technical and clinical success combined with lower complication rates. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on EUS-GBD and ETP-GBD, delineating instances when clinicians should opt for endoscopic management and highlighting potential risks associated with each approach.