Immunoglobulin-fold containing bacterial adhesins: molecular and structural perspectives in host tissue colonization and infection

• Published in: FEMS microbiology letters Vol. 368; no. 2; pp. 1 - 14
• Main Authors: Chatterjee, Shruti, Basak, Aditya J, Nair, Asha V, Duraivelan, Kheerthana, Samanta, Dibyendu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Oxford University Press 04-02-2021
• Subjects: Adhesins; Analysis; Arrays; Bacteria; Bacterial proteins; Cell surface; Cellular structure; Colonization; E coli; Genomes; Genomics; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Hydrophobicity; Identification and classification; Immunoglobulins; Invertebrates; Microbiology; Properties; Proteins; Structure; Vertebrates; India; immunoglobulin domain; pilin domain; internalin; Ig-fold; fimbrial proteins; host entry receptors
• ISSN: 1574-6968; 0378-1097; 1574-6968
• DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa220

ABSTRACT
Immunoglobulin (Ig) domains are one of the most widespread protein domains encoded by the human genome and are present in a large array of proteins with diverse biological functions. These Ig domains possess a central structure, the immunoglobulin-fold, which is a sandwich of two β sheets, each made up of anti-parallel β strands, surrounding a central hydrophobic core. Apart from humans, proteins containing Ig-like domains are also distributed in a vast selection of organisms including vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, viruses and bacteria where they execute a wide array of discrete cellular functions. In this review, we have described the key structural deviations of bacterial Ig-folds when compared to the classical eukaryotic Ig-fold. Further, we have comprehensively grouped all the Ig-domain containing adhesins present in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Additionally, we describe the role of these particular adhesins in host tissue attachment, colonization and subsequent infection by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli as well as other bacterial species. The structural properties of these Ig-domain containing adhesins, along with their interactions with specific Ig-like and non Ig-like binding partners present on the host cell surface have been discussed in detail.
Structural and molecular basis of bacterial adhesins; a gripping tale of host tissue colonization and infection by pathogenic bacteria.