Osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated rat mesenchymal stem cells inside a rotating microgravity bioreactor: in vitro and in vivo evaluation

• Published in: Cytotechnology (Dordrecht) Vol. 70; no. 5; pp. 1375 - 1388
• Main Authors: Koç Demir, Aysel, Elçin, Ayşe Eser, Elçin, Yaşar Murat
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-10-2018; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acids; Biochemistry; Biocompatibility; Biomechanics; Biomedicine; Bioreactors; Biotechnology; Bone growth; Bone marrow; Bones; Cell culture; Cell differentiation; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chitosan; Femur; Hydroxyapatite; Mesenchymal stem cells; Mesenchyme; Microgravity; Microspheres; Original; Original Article; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; Regeneration; Stem cell transplantation; Stem cells; Tissue engineering; United States > US; Bone tissue engineering; Cell encapsulation; Osteogenic differentiation; Composite microbeads; Microgravity bioreactor; Mesenchymal stem cells
• ISSN: 0920-9069; 1573-0778
• DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0230-8

The objective of this study is to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo osteogenic potential of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) using chitosan/hydroxyapatite (C/HAp) microbeads as encapsulation matrix under osteoinductive medium and dynamic culture conditions. The degradation characteristics of C/HAp microbeads were evaluated under in vitro and in vivo conditions for 180 days. BM-MSCs were encapsulated in C/HAp microbeads with > 85% viability, and were cultured in a slow turning lateral vessel-type rotating bioreactor simulating microgravity conditions for 28 days, under the effect of osteogenic inducers. MTT assay showed that the metabolic activity of encapsulated cells was preserved > 80% after a week. In vitro experiments confirmed that the encapsulated BM-MSCs differentiated into osteoblastic cells, formed bone-like tissue under osteogenic microgravity bioreactor conditions. Preliminary in vivo study indicated C/HAp microbeads containing BM-MSCs were able to repair the surgically-created small bone defects in the rat femur. BM-MSCs-C/HAp composite microbeads may have potential for modular bone regeneration.