Disaggregating Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (AANHOPI) Adult Tobacco Use Findings from Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, 2013–2014

• Published in: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities Vol. 6; no. 2; pp. 356 - 363
• Main Author: Nguyen, Anh B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer Science + Business Media 01-04-2019; Springer International Publishing; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Adults; Aged; Asian - statistics & numerical data; Asian Americans; Asian people; China; Cigar Smoking - ethnology; Cigarette Smoking - ethnology; Cigarettes; Cigars; Cohort analysis; Economic status; Education; Electronic cigarettes; Epidemiology; Estimates; Family income; Female; Guam; Health insurance; Households; Humans; India; Indigenous Peoples; Japan; Male; Masking; Medical screening; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Membership; Micronesia; Middle Aged; Minority & ethnic groups; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander - statistics & numerical data; Pacific Islander people; Philippines; Philippino; Pipe Smoking - ethnology; Prevention; Quality of Life Research; Republic of Korea; Samoa; Secondary schools; Social Inequality; Social Structure; Sociodemographics; Socioeconomic factors; Socioeconomic status; Socioeconomics; Subgroups; Tobacco; Tobacco industry; Tobacco products; Tobacco Use - ethnology; United States - epidemiology; Vaping - ethnology; Vietnam; Water Pipe Smoking - ethnology; Young Adult; Vietnam; United States; China; Japan; Philippines; Guam; Micronesia; Republic of Korea; Samoa; India; Disaggregated data; Tobacco; Tobacco-related disparities; Asian American; Native Hawaiian and other Pacific islander; Population health
• ISSN: 2197-3792; 2196-8837
• DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-00532-1

Introduction
Tobacco studies often combine data for Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (AANHOPI) subgroups, masking subgroup differences. This study describes tobacco use (ever use and past 30-day use) among some disaggregated AANHOPI subgroups.
Methods
Data are from Wave 1 of the 2013–2014 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of civilian non-institutionalized adults and youth in the USA. The dataset contains a sample of 32,320 adults, of which 1623 identified as being of AANHOPI origin. Asian Americans further identified as being Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, or other Asian. Those who identified as Native Hawaiian, Guamanian or Chamarro, Samoan, and Other Pacific Islander were combined into an NHOPI group. Tobacco measures included ever and past 30-day use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars (traditional cigar, cigarillos, filtered cigar), hookah, and smokeless tobacco including snus pouches, and pipe tobacco. Unadjusted and adjusted estimates for tobacco use are reported by AANHOPI membership and sex.
Results
In general, Asian Indians and Chinese had the lowest and NHOPI had the highest tobacco use prevalence compared to other AANHOPI subgroups. Males generally had higher prevalence compared to females. Prevalence varied by AANHOPI membership and tobacco product. Adjusted prevalence estimates were higher compared to unadjusted estimates for many subgroups, attenuating some unadjusted differences found between AANHOPI subgroups.
Discussion
Tobacco use varies by AANHOPI subgroup and product type. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses can be conducted as tobacco use differences in AANHOPI subgroups may be attributed to socio-economic status differences. Treating these distinct subgroups as a monolithic group may contribute to reliance on tobacco prevention and control strategies that may have limited impact on specific subgroups.