Risk Factors for Acute Otitis Media in Primary School Children: A Case-Control Study in Central Java, Indonesia
Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common disease in young children requiring antibiotic treatment. Information on AOM-related determinant risk factors in primary school children is still limited, particularly in Indonesia. This study aims to identify risk factors related to AOM in pri...
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| Published in: | Journal of public health research Vol. 10; no. 1 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
PAGEPress Publications, Pavia, Italy
14-01-2021
SAGE Publishing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Background:
Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common disease in young children requiring antibiotic treatment. Information on AOM-related determinant risk factors in primary school children is still limited, particularly in Indonesia. This study aims to identify risk factors related to AOM in primary school children in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.
Design and Methods:
This is an analytical study with a casecontrol design in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. 3574 children from 6 regions of the Banyumas Regency were recruited for the screening of AOM detection, and confirmation of AOM diagnosis was determined by Otolaryngologist. One hundred and twentyfive cases and 125 control were involved in this study. Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire focusing on several variables such as household cooking fuel, house environment, smoking exposure, knowledge of parents, and nutrition status. Univariate, bivariate using chi-square and multivariate with regression logistic was conducted for data analysis.
Results:
This study highlights the risk of household firewood use (p=0.003), poor nutritional status (p=0.009), and a family history of ear infections (p=0.015) with an increased risk of otitis media.
Conclusions:
Household firewood use, poor nutritional status and family history of ear infection are factors associated with the occurrence of acute otitis media. It is necessary to provide public health education to prevent exposure to fuel at risk for children and to improve their nutritional status.
Significance for public health
This study has important public health benefits because it offers valuable information about Acute Otitis Media (AOM) that is still limited in previous studies, particularly in Indonesia. This study confirms that problems related to AOM are still important because cases are still present in the community, particularly among primary school children. The basic advantage of this paper is the information that household firewood use, poor nutritional status and family history of ear infection are factors associated with acute otitis media in primary school children. This critical knowledge should be followed up by related parties to prevent the incidence of AOM cases in the community. |
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| Bibliography: | Availability of data and materials: The datasets analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The studies conducted here were carried out with ethical approval the Faculty of Medicine, University of Jenderal Soedirman No 4015/KEPK/FK/2018. This study has received permission from the health office, education office, and elementary school where the study was conducted. The consent form was signed by the parents or guardians of students which were also signed by the witness. Contributions: SPMW, responsible for designing research, compiling a teamwork division, and writing a draft manuscript; DJW, contributed the coordination with the grant giver, responsible for coordinating research implementation, providing input on the manuscript; DSSR, responsible for data collection and analysis, and coordinating research team members who assisted in data collection in the field, providing input on the manuscript; DO, assisted in data collection in the field and data analysis, providing input on the manuscript; AM, responsible for a research permit, providing field research logistics, providing input on the manuscript; ABD, contributed to examine suspected AOM children as ENT specialists and coordinating the initial screening process for the study, providing input on the manuscript; WDK, responsible for screening school children and determining suspect cases, providing input on the manuscript; GN, assisted in the screening process for school children and collecting questionnaire data, providing input on the manuscript; DS, responsible for sample collection, ensuring the data collection team takes steps according to standard operational research procedures, providing input on the manuscript. Conflict of interest: We declare that there is no potential conflict of interest with any party in this study. |
| ISSN: | 2279-9036 2279-9028 2279-9036 |
| DOI: | 10.4081/jphr.2021.1909 |