Alpha amylase and Alpha glucosidase inhibitory effects of aqueous stem extract of Salacia oblonga and its GC-MS analysis

• Published in: Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 54; no. 1
• Main Authors: Chelladurai, Gladis Raja Malar, Chinnachamy, Chellaram
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sao Paulo Universidade de Sao Paulo Faculdade de Ciencias 01-01-2018; Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade de São Paulo
• Subjects: Acids; Antidiabetic; Antidiabetics; Color; Disease; Ethanol; Flavonoids; Gestational diabetes; Glucose; Herbal medicine; Insulin resistance; Metabolism; Metabolites; PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Salacia oblonga; Spectrum analysis; Terpenoids; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase; India; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase; Terpenoids; Salacia oblonga; Antidiabetic
• ISSN: 2175-9790; 1984-8250; 2175-9790
• DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902018000117151

Our present investigation deals with the phytochemical screening, estimation of total flavonoids, terpenoids and tannin contents to evaluate the anti-diabetic activities of Salacia oblonga stem followed by GC-MS analysis. It explores the natural compounds and the potential α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory actions of stem extracts. The aqueous stem extract was selected from other extracts (ethanol, acetone, petroleum ether and chloroform) for the in vitro study of anti-diabetic activity by alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory assays. The stem extract was also analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry to identify the natural chemical components. Phytochemical analysis of aqueous stem extract showed major classes of secondary metabolites such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins. The total flavonoid, terpenoid, and tannin contents were quantified as 19.82±0.06 mg QE/g, 96.2±0.20 mg/g and 11.25±0.03 mg TAE/g respectively. The percentage inhibition of assays showed maximum inhibitory effects (59.46±0.04% and 68.51±0.01%) at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. The IC50 values of stem extract was found to be 73.56 mg/mL and 80.90 mg/mL for alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibition. Fifteen chemical constituents were found by GC-MS analysis. This study suggest the aqueous stem extract of Salacia oblonga might be considered as potential source of bio active constituents with excellent antidiabetic activity.