MicroRNA Dysregulation in Epilepsy: From Pathogenetic Involvement to Diagnostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Agent Development

• Published in: Frontiers in molecular neuroscience Vol. 14; p. 650372
• Main Authors: Wang, Jialu, Zhao, Jiuhan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 12-03-2021; Frontiers Media S.A
• Subjects: Apoptosis; Binding sites; biomarker; Biomarkers; Cell proliferation; Central nervous system; Central nervous system diseases; Convulsions & seizures; diagnosis; Drug resistance; Editing; Epilepsy; Gene expression; Glial cells; Inflammation; Kinases; microRNA; MicroRNAs; miRNA; Nervous system; Neuronal-glial interactions; Neuroscience; Non-coding RNA; Pathogenesis; Physiology; Proteins; RNA polymerase; therapy; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; epilepsy; pathogenesis; diagnosis; microRNA; biomarker; therapy
• ISSN: 1662-5099; 1662-5099
• DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.650372

Epilepsy is the result of a group of transient abnormalities in brain function caused by an abnormal, highly synchronized discharge of brain neurons. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules that participate in a series of important biological processes. Recent studies demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in a variety of central nervous system diseases, including epilepsy. Although the exact mechanism underlying the role of miRNAs in epilepsy pathogenesis is still unclear, these miRNAs may be involved in the inflammatory response in the nervous system, neuronal necrosis and apoptosis, dendritic growth, synaptic remodeling, glial cell proliferation, epileptic circuit formation, impairment of neurotransmitter and receptor function, and other processes. Here, we discuss miRNA metabolism and the roles of miRNA in epilepsy pathogenesis and evaluate miRNA as a potential new biomarker for the diagnosis of epilepsy, which enhances our understanding of disease processes.