HPLC Profile of Longan (cv. Shixia) Pericarp-Sourced Phenolics and Their Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 24; no. 3; p. 619
• Main Authors: Bai, Xuelian, Pan, Rui, Li, Mingzhu, Li, Xiuting, Zhang, Huawei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 11-02-2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Acids; antioxidant; Antioxidants; Chelation; Chromatography; Cultivars; Cytotoxicity; Ellagic acid; Ethanol; Gallic acid; High-performance liquid chromatography; HPLC; Iron; Liquid chromatography; Longan; Longan pericarp; Lung cancer; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; polyphenol; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Protocatechuic acid; Quercetin; Scavenging; Shixia; St Louis Missouri; United States > US; China; Shixia; antioxidant; polyphenol; HPLC; cytotoxicity; Longan pericarp
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030619

Longan (
Lour.) pericarp, the main by-product of aril and pulp processing, is abundant in phenolic compounds and worthy of further utilization. The present work firstly reported HPLC analysis and in vitro antioxidant evaluation of longan (cv. Shixia) pericarp-derived phenolics (LPPs), the purified longan pericarp extract (LPE), as well as their cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cell line, A549. The results indicated that the purified LPE had significant amounts of phenolics, with content of 57.8 ± 0.6 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry longan pericarp (mg GAE·g
DLP), which consisted of six phenolic compounds (A⁻F), including protocatechuic acid (A), isoscopoletin (B), quercetin (C), ellagic acid (D), corilagin (E), and proanthocyanidins C1 (F). Antioxidant assays showed that LPPs (10 μM) and LPE (1.0 mg·mL
) had certain antioxidant activities, in which corilagin (E) possessed the best DPPH radical scavenging rate 71.8 ± 0.5% and •OH inhibition rate 75.9 ± 0.3%, and protocatechuic acid (A) exhibited the strongest Fe
chelating ability 36.4 ± 0.7%. In vitro cytotoxic tests suggested that LPPs had different effect on A549 cell line, in which corilagin (E) exhibited potent cytotoxicity with an IC
value of 28.8 ± 1.2 μM. These findings were further confirmed by cell staining experiments.