Subcritical Water Technology for Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Chlorella sp. Microalgae and Assessment on Its Antioxidant Activity

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 22; no. 7; p. 1105
• Main Authors: Zakaria, Siti Maisurah, Kamal, Siti Mazlina Mustapa, Harun, Mohd Razif, Omar, Rozita, Siajam, Shamsul Izhar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 03-07-2017; MDPI
• Subjects: Algae; antioxidant; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Aquatic microorganisms; Bioactive compounds; Biphenyl Compounds - chemistry; Chlorella; Chlorella - chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; extraction; Food industry; Gallic acid; microalgae; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Pharmaceutical industry; phenolic; Phenols; Phenols - chemistry; Phenols - isolation & purification; Phenols - pharmacology; Picrates - chemistry; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Response surface methodology; subcritical water; Technology; Water; microalgae; antioxidant; subcritical water; extraction; phenolic
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071105

. microalgae is a potential source of antioxidants and natural bioactive compounds used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a subcritical water (SW) technology was applied to determine the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of
. This study focused on maximizing the recovery of
phenolic content and antioxidant activity measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay as a function of extraction temperature (100-250 °C), time (5-20 min) and microalgae concentration (5-20 wt. %) using response surface methodology. The optimal operating conditions for the extraction process were found to be 5 min at 163 °C with 20 wt. % microalgae concentration, which resulted in products with 58.73 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g phenolic content and 68.5% inhibition of the DPPH radical. Under optimized conditions, the experimental values were in close agreement with values predicted by the model. The phenolic content was highly correlated (R² = 0.935) with the antioxidant capacity. Results indicated that extraction by SW technology was effective and that
. could be a useful source of natural antioxidants.