Heliotropium procubens Mill: Taxonomic Significance and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds via UHPLC-HRMS- In Vitro Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 3; p. 1008
• Main Authors: Ozntamar-Pouloglou, Kalliopi-Maria, Cheilari, Antigoni, Zengin, Gokhan, Graikou, Konstantia, Ganos, Christos, Karikas, George-Albert, Chinou, Ioanna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 19-01-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Assaying; Bioactive compounds; Boraginaceae; Chelation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diabetes mellitus; Enzyme Inhibitors - chemistry; enzyme inhibitory activity; Enzymes; Flavonoids; Free Radicals; Glucosidase; Heliotropium; Heliotropium procumbens; Metabolites; Methanol - chemistry; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phenols - chemistry; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Scavenging; Secondary metabolites; Taxonomic significance; Taxonomy; Tyrosinase; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase; phenolic compounds; Heliotropium procumbens; Boraginaceae; antioxidant activity; enzyme inhibitory activity
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031008

The aim of the present study was the phytochemical analysis of the aerial parts of
Mill., a herb from Boraginaceae plant family not previously studied. The methanol (ME) and aqueous extracts (WE) of the aerial parts were assayed for their total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant properties, using free radical scavenging (DPPH, ABTS), reducing power (FRAP, CUPRAC), phosphomolybdenum and metal chelating assays. The extracts displayed considerable free radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals, with potential values of 46.88 and 68.31 mg TE/g extract for ME, and 93.43 and 131.48 mg TE/g extract for WE, respectively. Key clinical enzymes involved in neurodegenerative diseases AChE and BChE, diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and skin whitening (tyrosinase) were also assayed. The phytochemical profile of the studied species was determined through UHPLC-HRMS, whereby 26 secondary metabolites were identified, three of which (luteolin-7-glucoside, lithospermic and rosmarinic acids) were isolated and structurally determined by NMR spectral means.
was found to harbor bioactive metabolites and could, hence, serve as a source of biological activities which could be further explored and exploited for potential applications.