Oral administration of coenzyme Q10 ameliorates memory impairment induced by nicotine-ethanol abstinence through restoration of biochemical changes in male rat hippocampal tissues

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 11413
• Main Authors: Ahmadi-Soleimani, S. Mohammad, Ghasemi, Seyedalireza, Rahmani, Mohamad Amin, Gharaei, Moein, Mohammadi Bezanaj, Maryam, Beheshti, Farimah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 18-05-2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/136; 631/136/334/1874/486; 631/45; Abstinence; Administration, Oral; Adolescence; Adolescents; Alcohol Abstinence; Alzheimer's disease; Animals; Bupropion; Coenzyme Q10; Diabetes mellitus; Drug abuse; Drug dependence; Drug dosages; Ethanol; Ethanol - administration & dosage; Ethanol - adverse effects; Hippocampus; Hippocampus - drug effects; Hippocampus - metabolism; Humanities and Social Sciences; Impulsive behavior; Inflammation; Male; Maze Learning - drug effects; Memory; Memory Disorders - drug therapy; Memory Disorders - etiology; Memory Disorders - metabolism; multidisciplinary; Naloxone; Neurodegenerative diseases; Nicotine; Nicotine - administration & dosage; Nicotine - adverse effects; Oral administration; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Pattern recognition; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Risk taking; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Side effects; Teenagers; Ubiquinone - administration & dosage; Ubiquinone - analogs & derivatives; Ubiquinone - pharmacology; β-Amyloid; Adolescence; Ethanol; Coenzyme Q10; Memory; Abstinence; Nicotine
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61932-4

Substance abuse among adolescents has become a growing issue throughout the world. The significance of research on this life period is based on the occurrence of neurobiological changes in adolescent brain which makes the individual more susceptible for risk-taking and impulsive behaviors. Alcohol and nicotine are among the most available drugs of abuse in adolescents. Prolonged consumption of nicotine and alcohol leads to drug dependence and withdrawal which induce various dysfunctions such as memory loss. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ
10)
is known to improve learning and memory deficits induced by various pathological conditions such as Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. In the present study we investigated whether CoQ
10
treatment ameliorates memory loss following a nicotine-ethanol abstinence. Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests were done in male Wistar rats undergone nicotine-ethanol abstinence and the effect of CoQ10 was assessed on at behavioral and biochemical levels. Results indicated that nicotine-ethanol abstinence induces memory dysfunction which is associated with increased oxidative and inflammatory response, reduced cholinergic and neurotrophic function plus elevated Amyloid-B levels in hippocampi. CoQ
10
treatment prevented memory deficits and biochemical alterations. Interestingly, this ameliorative effect of CoQ
10
was found to be dose-dependent in most experiments and almost equipotential to that of bupropion and naloxone co-administration. CoQ
10
treatment could effectively improve memory defects induced by nicotine-ethanol consumption through attenuation of oxidative damage, inflammation, amyloid-B level and enhancement of cholinergic and neurotrophic drive. Further studies are required to assess the unknown side effects and high dose tolerability of the drug in human subjects.