Correlation between heat shock proteins, adiponectin, and T lymphocyte cytokine expression in type 2 diabetics

• Published in: Cell stress & chaperones Vol. 23; no. 5; pp. 955 - 965
• Main Authors: Mahmoud, Fadia F., Haines, David, Dashti, Ali A., El-Shazly, Sherief, Al-Najjar, Fawzia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer 01-09-2018; Springer Netherlands; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Adiponectin; Adiponectin - blood; Autoimmune diseases; Biochemistry; Biomarkers; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Blood; Blood glucose; Blood plasma; Cancer Research; CD3 Complex - analysis; CD4 antigen; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Cell Biology; Cells, Cultured; Correlation; Correlation of Data; Cytokines; Cytokines - blood; Cytometry; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - immunology; Dyslipidemia; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Female; Flow cytometry; Heat shock proteins; Heme; Heme oxygenase (decyclizing); Heme Oxygenase-1 - blood; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins - blood; Hsp70 protein; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins - blood; Hsp90 protein; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Immunology; Immunopathogenesis; Inflammation; Insulin; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Ionomycin; Leukocytes (mononuclear); Low density lipoprotein; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Male; Middle Aged; Neurosciences; Original Paper; Oxidation resistance; Oxidative stress; Patients; Plasma; Representations; T lymphocytes; Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; γ-Interferon; T lymphocytes; Inflammatory cytokines; Cytokines; Hemeoxygenase-1; Heat shock proteins; Diabetes; Regulatory T cells; Adiponectin
• ISSN: 1355-8145; 1466-1268
• DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0903-4

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) features insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, overproduction of inflammatory cytokines, and systemic oxidative stress. Here, heat shock proteins Hsp70 and Hsp 90, adiponectin, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, Hsp32) are profiled in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and serum from 25 T2DM patients and 25 healthy control subjects. Cells cultured with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin were evaluated by three-color flow cytometiy for immunophenotypic biomarkers. Plasma HO-1, Hsp, and adiponectin levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Relative to healthy controls, T2DM patients exhibited significantly elevated plasma Hsp70, and representation of T helper immunophenotypes activated to express inflammatory cytokines, including CD4+ IFN-γ+, CD4+ TNF-α+, CD4+ IL-6+, CD4+ IL-1β+ T cells, significantly lower representation of CD4+ IL-10+ T cells, plasma adiponectin and cell-associated HO-1 expression—with no significant differences in plasma Hsp90 between T2DM and healthy controls. Plasma HO-1 and adiponectin in T2DM patients inversely correlated with TNF-α and showed inverse correlation between serum LDL and plasma HO-1. Moreover, TNF-α and Hsp90 in T2DM patients correlated positively with fasting blood glucose (FBG). These results demonstrate correlation between potentially pathogenic cells, HO-1, and adiponectin, additionally revealing a T helper (Th)1-related character of T2DM immunopathogenesis, suggesting potential for novel cell-related management strategies for T2DM and related co-morbidities.