Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles for Demyelinating Diseases; Challenges and Opportunities

• Published in: Frontiers in molecular neuroscience Vol. 11; p. 434
• Main Authors: Osorio-Querejeta, Iñaki, Alberro, Ainhoa, Muñoz-Culla, Maider, Mäger, Imre, Otaegui, David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 23-11-2018; Frontiers Media S.A
• Subjects: Biosynthesis; Blood-brain barrier; Cell interactions; Cell migration; Central nervous system; Communication; Demyelinating diseases; Demyelination; Disease; EAE; exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; Homeostasis; Immune system; microRNAs; Multiple sclerosis; myelin; Myelination; Neurodegeneration; Neuroscience; Plasma; Promoters; Regeneration; remyelination; Therapeutic applications; Spain; microRNAs; myelin; exosomes; multiple sclerosis; oligodendrocyte; EAE; remyelination
• ISSN: 1662-5099; 1662-5099
• DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00434

Multiple Sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system for which no remyelination therapy is available and alternative strategies are being tested. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as players in physiological and pathological processes and are being proposed as therapeutic targets and mediators. More concretely, EVs have shown to be involved in myelination related processes such as axon-oligodendrocyte communication or oligodendrocyte precursor cell migration. In addition, EVs have been shown to carry genetic material and small compounds, and to be able to cross the Blood Brain Barrier. This scenario led scientists to test the ability of EVs as myelin regeneration promoters in demyelinating diseases. In this review we will address the use of EVs as remyelination promoters and the challenges and opportunities of this therapy will be discussed.