Integrative use of spatial, genetic, and demographic analyses for investigating genetic connectivity between migratory, montane, and sedentary caribou herds

• Published in: Molecular ecology Vol. 16; no. 20; pp. 4223 - 4240
• Main Authors: BOULET, MARYLÈNE, COUTURIER, SERGE, CÔTÉ, STEEVE D, OTTO, ROBERT D, BERNATCHEZ, LOUIS
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-10-2007; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: Animal Migration; Animals; Canada; Caribou; demographic simulations; Female; Gene flow; Gene Flow - genetics; Gene Frequency; Genetic Variation; Genetics; Geography; Linkage Disequilibrium; Male; metapopulation; microsatellite; microsatellite repeats; Microsatellite Repeats - genetics; Models, Genetic; Monitoring systems; Phylogeny; Polymorphism, Genetic; Population genetics; population structure; Rangifer tarandus; Reindeer - classification; Reindeer - genetics; Reindeer - physiology; satellite-tracking; Sex Factors; Simulation; Spatial analysis; Time Factors; Canada
• ISSN: 0962-1083; 1365-294X
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03476.x

Genetic differentiation is generally assumed to be low in highly mobile species, but this simplistic view may obscure the complex conditions and mechanisms allowing genetic exchanges between specific populations. Here, we combined data from satellite-tracked migratory caribou (Rangifer tarandus), microsatellite markers, and demographic simulations to investigate gene flow mechanisms between seven caribou herds of eastern Canada. Our study included one montane, two migratory, and four sedentary herds. Satellite-tracking data indicated possibilities of high gene flow between migratory herds: overlap of their rutting ranges averaged 10% across years and 9.4% of females switched calving sites at least once in their lifetime. Some migratory individuals moved into the range of the sedentary herds, suggesting possibilities of gene flow between these herds. Genetic differentiation between herds was weak but significant (FST = 0.015): migratory and montane herds were not significantly distinct (FST all