Cigarette smoking and thyroid cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study

Background The association between cigarette smoking and thyroid cancer has been reported in prospective cohort studies, but the relationship remains controversial. To investigate this potential correlation further, we employed Mendelian randomization methodology to evaluate the causative impact of...

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Published in:Cancer medicine (Malden, MA) Vol. 12; no. 19; pp. 19866 - 19873
Main Authors: Jiang, Hongzhan, Li, Yi, Shen, Jiali, Lin, Huihui, Fan, Siyue, Qiu, Rongliang, He, Jiaxi, Lin, Ende, Chen, Lijuan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Bognor Regis John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-10-2023
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Wiley
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Summary:Background The association between cigarette smoking and thyroid cancer has been reported in prospective cohort studies, but the relationship remains controversial. To investigate this potential correlation further, we employed Mendelian randomization methodology to evaluate the causative impact of smoking on thyroid cancer incidence. Methods From the genome‐wide association study and Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use, we obtained genetic variants associated with smoking initiation and cigarettes per day (1.2 million individuals). We also extracted genetic variants associated with past tobacco smoking from the UK Biobank (424,960 individuals). Thyroid cancer outcomes were selected from the FinnGen GWAS (989 thyroid cancer cases and 217,803 control cases). Sensitivity analyses employing various approaches such as weighted median, MR‐Egger, and MR‐pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR‐PRESSO) have been executed, as well as leave‐one‐out analysis to identify pleiotropy. Results Using the IVW approach, we did not find evidence that any of the three smoking phenotypes were related to thyroid cancer (smoking initiation: odds ratio (OR) = 1.56, p = 0.61; cigarettes per day: OR = 0.85, p = 0.51; past tobacco smoking: OR = 0.80, p = 0.78). The heterogeneity (p > 0.05) and pleiotropy (p > 0.05) testing provided confirmatory evidence for the validity of our MR estimates. Conclusions The MR analysis revealed that there may not exist a causative link between smoking exposure and elevated incidence rates of thyroid malignancies. We used Mendelian randomization analysis to evaluate the causal relationship between smoking and thyroid cancer, and found that smoking was not associated with thyroid cancer.
Bibliography:Hongzhan Jiang and Yi Li contributed equally to this work.
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ISSN:2045-7634
2045-7634
DOI:10.1002/cam4.6570