In Vitro Mass Propagation of Coffee Plants ( Coffea arabica L. var. Colombia) through Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis

• Published in: Plants (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 6; p. 1237
• Main Authors: Avila-Victor, Consuelo Margarita, Ordaz-Chaparro, Víctor Manuel, Arjona-Suárez, Enrique de Jesús, Iracheta-Donjuan, Leobardo, Gómez-Merino, Fernando Carlos, Robledo-Paz, Alejandrina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 08-03-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: 2,4-D; Benzyladenine; Callus; Coffea arabica; Coffee; Culture media; Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; Embryonic growth stage; Embryos; Explants; Genotypes; in vitro propagation; Indoleacetic acid; Micropropagation; Perlite; Plant propagation; Plantations; Propagation; Regeneration; Somatic embryogenesis; somatic embryos; tissue culture; Vermiculite; Colombia; Mexico; in vitro propagation; somatic embryos; tissue culture; coffee
• ISSN: 2223-7747; 2223-7747
• DOI: 10.3390/plants12061237

is one of the two most consumed coffee species in the world. Micropropagation through somatic embryogenesis has allowed the large-scale propagation of different coffee varieties. However, the regeneration of plants using this technique depends on the genotype. This study aimed to develop a protocol for the regeneration of
L. var. Colombia by somatic embryogenesis for its mass propagation. Foliar explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and phytagel for inducing somatic embryogenesis. In total, 90% of the explants formed embryogenic calli with a culture medium containing 2 mg L
of 2,4-D, 0.2 mg L
BAP, and 2.3 g L
phytagel. The highest number of embryos per gram of callus (118.74) was obtained in a culture medium containing 0.5 mg L
2,4-D, 1.1 mg L
BAP, and 5.0 g L
phytagel. In total, 51% of the globular embryos reached the cotyledonary stage when they were cultured on the growth medium. This medium contained 0.25 mg L
BAP, 0.25 mg L
indoleacetic acid (IAA), and 5.0 g L
of phytagel. The mixture of vermiculite:perlite (3:1) allowed 21% of embryos to become plants.