The influence of piezoceramic stack location on nonlinear behavior of langevin transducers

• Published in: IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control Vol. 60; no. 6; pp. 1126 - 1133
• Main Authors: Mathieson, A., Cardoni, A., Cerisola, N., Lucas, M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States IEEE 01-06-2013; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Behavior; Design engineering; Hysteresis; Nonlinearity; Piezoelectric ceramics; Position (location); Resonant frequencies; Stacks; Transducers; Ultrasonic technology
• ISSN: 0885-3010; 1525-8955
• DOI: 10.1109/TUFFC.2013.2675

Power ultrasonic applications such as cutting, welding, and sonochemistry often use Langevin transducers to generate power ultrasound. Traditionally, it has been proposed that the piezoceramic stack of a Langevin transducer should be located in the nodal plane of the longitudinal mode of vibration, ensuring that the piezoceramic elements are positioned under a uniform stress during transducer operation, maximizing element efficiency and minimizing piezoceramic aging. However, this general design rule is often partially broken during the design phase if features such as a support flange or multiple piezoceramic stacks are incorporated into the transducer architecture. Meanwhile, it has also been well documented in the literature that power ultrasonic devices driven at high excitation levels exhibit nonlinear behaviors similar to those observed in Duffing-type systems, such as resonant frequency shifts, the jump phenomenon, and hysteretic regions. This study investigates three Langevin transducers with different piezoceramic stack locations by characterizing their linear and nonlinear vibrational responses to understand how the stack location influences nonlinear behavior.