Thermodynamics Evaluation of Selective Hydride Reduction for α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 6; p. 2862
• Main Authors: Chen, Bao-Long, Jing, Sha, Zhu, Xiao-Qing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 22-03-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Acetonitrile; Affinity; Alcohol; Calorimetry; Carbon; Carbonyl compounds; Carbonyls; Chemical bonds; Chemical properties; Chemical research; Computational chemistry; Computer applications; Electrochemistry; Electrode potentials; hydride affinity; Hydrides; Hydrogen; Hydrogen atoms; Identity cards; Measurement methods; Radicals; Redox potential; reduction potential; selective reduction; Single electrons; Thermal properties; Thermodynamic cycles; Thermodynamics; Titration; Voltammetry; β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds; China; β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds; α; hydride affinity; reduction potential; selective reduction
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062862

The selective reduction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds is one of the core reactions and also a difficult task for organic synthesis. We have been attempting to study the thermodynamic data of these compounds to create a theoretical basis for organic synthesis and computational chemistry. By electrochemical measurement method and titration calorimetry, in acetonitrile at 298 K, the hydride affinity of two types of unsaturated bonds in α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, their single-electron reduction potential, and the single-electron reduction potential of the corresponding radical intermediate are determined. Their hydrogen atom affinity, along with the hydrogen atom affinity and proton affinity of the corresponding radical anion, is also derived separately based on thermodynamic cycles. The above data are used to establish the corresponding "Molecule ID Card" (Molecule identity card) and analyze the reduction mechanism of unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Primarily, the mixture of any carbonyl hydride ions and Ac-tempo
will stimulate hydride transfer process and create corresponding α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and Ac-tempoH from a thermodynamic point of view.