New Insights into the Mechanism of Action of PirAB from Vibrio Parahaemolyticus

• Published in: Toxins Vol. 14; no. 4; p. 243
• Main Authors: Soto-Rodriguez, Sonia A, Lozano-Olvera, Rodolfo, Ramos-Clamont Montfort, Gabriela, Zenteno, Edgar, Sánchez-Salgado, José Luis, Vibanco-Pérez, Norberto, Aguilar Rendón, Karla G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30-03-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Activity recognition; AHPND; Animals; Bacteria; Binding sites; Bioassays; Community structure; Cytotoxicity; Disease; Economic impact; Epithelial cells; Epithelium; Gene expression; Harbors; Hepatopancreas; Histopathology; Infections; Losses; Microbiota; microbiota change; Mortality; Mucin; Necrosis; Pathogenesis; Penaeidae - microbiology; PirAB; Plasmids; Receptors; Remission (Medicine); Review; shrimp; Toxins; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Vibrio parahaemolyticus - genetics; Virulence; Mexico; China; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; microbiota change; PirAB; AHPND; shrimp
• ISSN: 2072-6651; 2072-6651
• DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040243

PirAB toxins secreted by
(
) harbor the pVA1 virulence plasmid, which causes acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), an emerging disease in Penaeid shrimp that can cause 70-100% mortality and that has resulted in great economic losses since its first appearance. The cytotoxic effect of PirAB
on the epithelial cells of the shrimp hepatopancreas (Hp) has been extensively documented. New insights into the biological role of the PirB
subunit show that it has lectin-like activity and recognizes mucin-like O-glycosidic structures in the shrimp Hp. The search for toxin receptors can lead to a better understanding of the infection mechanisms of the pathogen and the prevention of the host disease by blocking toxin-receptor interactions using a mimetic antagonist. There is also evidence that
AHPND changes the community structure of the microbiota in the surrounding water, resulting in a significant reduction of several bacterial taxa, especially
spp. Considering these findings, the PirAB
toxin could exhibit a dual role of damaging the shrimp Hp while killing the surrounding bacteria.