Effect of Soybean and Soybean Koji on Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet: A Comparative Study

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 18; no. 11; p. 6032
• Main Authors: Park, Sihoon, Lee, Jae-Joon, Shin, Hye-Won, Jung, Sunyoon, Ha, Jung-Heun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 04-06-2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Amino acids; Animals; Cholesterol; Comparative studies; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Diet; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Dyslipidemia; Dyslipidemias - etiology; Dyslipidemias - prevention & control; Energy; Fatty acids; FDA approval; Fermentation; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Gene expression; Glycine max; High fat diet; Koji; Lipids; Lipogenesis; Liver; Male; Metabolic disorders; Metabolism; Microorganisms; Nutrition research; Obesity; Obesity - etiology; Obesity - prevention & control; Oils & fats; Ostomy; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Soybeans; Triglycerides; United States > US; Japan; rats; soybean koji; dyslipidemia; obesity; high-fat diet
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116032

Soybean
refers to steamed soybeans inoculated with microbial species. Soybean fermentation improves the health benefits of soybeans. Obesity is a serious health concern owing to its increasing incidence rate and high association with other metabolic diseases. Therefore, we investigated the effects of soybean and soybean
on high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. Five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (
= 8/group) as follows: (1) regular diet (RD), (2) high-fat diet (HFD), (3) HFD + steamed soybean (HFD+SS), and (4) HFD + soybean
(HFD+SK). SK contained more free amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids than SS. In a rat model of obesity, SK consumption significantly alleviated the increase in weight of white adipose tissue and mRNA expression of lipogenic genes, whereas SS consumption did not. Both SS and SK reduced serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. SS and SK also inhibited lipid accumulation in the liver and white adipose tissue and reduced adipocyte size. Although both SS and SK could alleviate HFD-induced dyslipidemia, SK has better anti-obesity effects than SS by regulating lipogenesis. Overall, SK is an excellent functional food that may prevent obesity.