Development and Implementation of a Synchrophasor Estimator Capable of Measurements Under Dynamic Conditions

• Published in: IEEE transactions on power delivery Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 109 - 123
• Main Authors: Premerlani, W., Kasztenny, B., Adamiak, M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01-01-2008; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Algorithms; Applied sciences; Current measurement; Disturbances. Regulation. Protection; Dynamical systems; Dynamics; Electric potential; Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering; Electrical power engineering; Estimating; Estimation; Exact sciences and technology; Fourier analysis; Frequency; Mathematical models; Miscellaneous; Operation. Load control. Reliability; phasor measurement; Position measurement; Power measurement; Power networks and lines; Power system dynamics; power system frequency; Power system measurements; Power system modeling; power system oscillations; Studies; synchrophasor; Taylor series; Taylor-Fourier transform; Voltage; Yield estimation; Phase measurement; Fourier transformation; Taylor-Fourier transform; Phasor; Power system stability; power system frequency; power system measurements; Dynamic conditions; Implementation; Series expansion; Sinusoidal signal; synchrophasor; Power oscillation; Power system control; Estimation; Taylor series; Sinusoidal wave; power system oscillations; Algorithm; Power system measurement; Electrical network; First order; System simulation; Control device; phasor measurement; Comparative study
• ISSN: 0885-8977; 1937-4208
• DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2007.910982

The classical two-parameter Fourier algorithm for computing synchrophasors is appropriate when the underlying voltage and current waveforms are sinusoids with constant amplitude and phase angle and with a frequency equal to the assumed value. Synchrophasor measurements, however, are applied in power systems to track dynamic conditions where, by definition, currents and voltages, though resembling sine-waves, exhibit changes in their magnitudes and vectorial positions. This paper presents a novel algorithm for estimating synchrophasors under such dynamic conditions. In contrast to the classical Fourier algorithm, our model is a complex Taylor expansion, yielding several parameters in the model to be estimated. Four- and six-parameter models are presented corresponding to first and second order Taylor expansions. This paper derives a compensation method for canceling the error in the classical Fourier algorithm that arises under dynamic conditions, shows comparative simulation and test results and describes an efficient implementation. Application of the error cancellation method to other phasor algorithms and extending the technique to higher order Taylor expansions, are discussed. Implementation of synchrophasor measurements on protection and control intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) is discussed, and solutions are presented that allow for secure integration.