Therapeutic modalities and novel approaches in regenerative medicine for COVID-19

• Published in: International journal of antimicrobial agents Vol. 56; no. 6; p. 106208
• Main Authors: Ramezankhani, Roya, Solhi, Roya, Memarnejadian, Arash, Nami, Fatemeharefeh, Hashemian, Seyed Mohammad Reza, Tricot, Tine, Vosough, Massoud, Verfaillie, Catherine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-12-2020; Elsevier Ltd and International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
• Subjects: Advanced therapeutic approaches; Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use; Anticoagulants - therapeutic use; Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use; ATMP; COVID-19; COVID-19 - etiology; COVID-19 - immunology; COVID-19 - prevention & control; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; COVID-19 Vaccines - immunology; Cytokine Release Syndrome - immunology; Humans; Regenerative Medicine; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; ATMP; SARS-CoV-2; Advanced therapeutic approaches
• ISSN: 0924-8579; 1872-7913; 1872-7913
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106208

•Direct cytopathic effect and immunopathological pathogenesis are two of the main underlying mechanisms for severe pulmonary injury in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).•Repurposed antiviral agents are among the most promising therapeutics for overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic.•Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells have potential to prevent the immune-mediated consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).•Nucleic-acid-based approaches have gained much attention for treating patients with COVID-19.
The recent coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak around the world has had an enormous impact on the global health burden, threatening the lives of many individuals, and has had severe socio-economic consequences. Many pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies have commenced intensive research on different therapeutic strategies, from repurposed antiviral drugs to vaccines and monoclonal antibodies to prevent the spread of the disease and treat infected patients. Among the various strategies, advanced therapeutic approaches including cell- and gene-editing-based therapeutics are also being investigated, and initial results in in-vitro and early phase I studies have been promising. However, further assessments are required. This article reviews the underlying mechanisms for the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, and discusses available therapeutic candidates and advanced modalities that are being evaluated in in-vitro/in-vivo models and are of note in clinical trials.