Effectiveness of Trimethoprim‐Sulfamethoxazole and Metronidazole in the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Children Living in a Slum

• Published in: Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition Vol. 57; no. 3; pp. 316 - 318
• Main Authors: Tahan, Soraia, Melli, Lígia Cristina F.L., Mello, Carolina Santos, Rodrigues, Mírian Silva C., Filho, Humberto Bezerra, Morais, Mauro B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hagerstown, MD by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology 01-09-2013; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
• Subjects: Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use; Antibacterial agents; antibiotic; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; Antifungal agents; Area Under Curve; Bacterial Infections - drug therapy; Bacterial Infections - metabolism; Biological and medical sciences; Breath Tests; Child; children; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Hydrogen - metabolism; hydrogen/methane breath test; Intestinal Diseases - drug therapy; Intestinal Diseases - metabolism; Intestinal Diseases - microbiology; Intestine, Small - microbiology; Lactulose - metabolism; Medical sciences; Metronidazole - therapeutic use; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Poverty; Residence Characteristics; small intestinal bacterial overgrowth; Treatment Outcome; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - therapeutic use; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Methane; Nitro compound; Imidazole derivatives; Hydrogen; Trimethoprim; Small intestine; Antifolate; Antiprotozoal agent; Antifungal agent; Sulfamethoxazole; children; Gastroenterology; Antiinfectious; small intestinal bacterial overgrowth; Child; Human; Metabolic diseases; Infection; Antibiotic; Breath test; Treatment; Sulfonamides; hydrogen/methane breath test; Bacteriosis; Pyrimidine derivatives; Parasiticide; Metronidazole; Antibacterial agent
• ISSN: 0277-2116; 1536-4801
• DOI: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182952e93

ABSTRACT
Trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole and metronidazole were used for 14 days to treat 20 children with small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). SIBO was diagnosed using the lactulose hydrogen breath test. The breath test was repeated 1 month after treatment, and 19 (95.0%) of 20 children showed no evidence of SIBO (P < 0.001). The area under the individual curves showed that children with SIBO exhibited greater hydrogen production before treatment in both the first hour and between 60 and 180 minutes after the breath test. The treatment did not decrease methane production. In conclusion, trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole and metronidazole was effective in treating children with SIBO.