Factors associated with poor sleep quality in patients with multiple sclerosis differ by disease duration

• Published in: Disability and health journal Vol. 7; no. 4; pp. 466 - 471
• Main Authors: Vitkova, Marianna, M.D, Gdovinova, Zuzana, M.D., C.Sc, Rosenberger, Jaroslav, M.D., Ph.D, Szilasiova, Jarmila, M.D., Ph.D, Nagyová, Iveta, M.gr., Ph.D, Mikula, Pavol, M.gr, Krokavcova, Martina, M.gr., Ph.D, Groothoff, Johan W., Ph.D, van Dijk, Jitse P., M.D., Ph.D
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-10-2014
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety - complications; Depression - complications; Disabled Persons; Disease duration; Fatigue - complications; Fatigue - psychology; Female; Humans; Internal Medicine; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Multiple sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis - complications; Multiple Sclerosis - psychology; Pain; Pain - complications; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Quality of sleep; Risk Factors; Sleep; Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology; Sleep Wake Disorders - etiology; Sleep Wake Disorders - psychology; Surveys and Questionnaires; Urinary Bladder; Young Adult; Disease duration; Multiple sclerosis; Anxiety; Pain; Quality of sleep
• ISSN: 1936-6574; 1876-7583
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2014.05.004

Abstract Background Sleep disturbance is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) and knowledge about factors that contribute to poor sleep quality is scarce. Objective The aim was to explore the differences in the prevalence and determinants of poor sleep quality in a sample of patients with MS with disease duration ≤5 years and >5 years. Methods We collected data from 152 consecutive patients with MS; 66 patients (78% women, averaged 37.35 ± 10.1 years) were in the group with disease duration ≤5 years and 86 patients (73.3% women, averaged 42.10 ± 9.4 years) in the group with disease duration >5 years. Patients filled out the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, one item of the Incapacity Status Scale regarding bladder problems and one item of the Short Form-36 regarding pain. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the study variables. Results The prevalence of poor sleep is significantly higher in patients with longer disease duration (34.8 vs. 51.2%). Anxiety, reduced motivation and mental fatigue (all p  < 0.05) were associated with poor sleep quality in patients with disease duration ≤5 years, whereas pain ( p  < 0.01), depression and mental fatigue (both p  < 0.05) were in patients with disease duration >5 years. Conclusion Sleep problems are present in patients with MS with both short and long disease duration, but these problems are associated with different factors. These should be recognized and managed in addition to the treatment of sleep disorders.