Preparation and Characterization of Plasma-Derived Fibrin Hydrogels Modified by Alginate di-Aldehyde

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 8; p. 4296
• Main Authors: Sanz-Horta, Raúl, Matesanz, Ana, Jorcano, José Luis, Velasco, Diego, Acedo, Pablo, Gallardo, Alberto, Reinecke, Helmut, Elvira, Carlos
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 13-04-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Aldehydes; alginate di-aldehyde hydrogels; Alginates; Alginates - chemistry; Alginic acid; Autografts; Biocompatibility; Biological properties; Blood plasma; Blood platelets; Bone grafts; Bone growth; Bones; Calcium chloride; Calcium Chloride - pharmacology; Cell growth; Cell viability; Chemical bonds; Dihydrotachysterol; Equilibrium; FDA approval; Fibrin; fibrin hydrogels; Fibroblasts; Growth factors; Humans; Hydrogels; Hydrogels - chemistry; Imines; Mechanical properties; Molecular weight; Muscles; Oxidation; oxidized alginate; Plasma; plasma-derived fibrin hydrogel; platelet-poor plasma (PPP); Polymerization; Polymers; Regeneration; Scaffolds; Skeletal muscle; Skin; Skin grafts; Sodium; Spectrum analysis; Storage modulus; Tissue engineering; Tissue Engineering - methods; Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry; Wound healing; alginate di-aldehyde hydrogels; fibrin hydrogels; skin tissue engineering; tissue engineering; oxidized alginate; skeletal muscle regeneration; platelet-poor plasma (PPP); bone tissue reparation; plasma-derived fibrin hydrogel
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084296

Fibrin hydrogels are one of the most popular scaffolds used in tissue engineering due to their excellent biological properties. Special attention should be paid to the use of human plasma-derived fibrin hydrogels as a 3D scaffold in the production of autologous skin grafts, skeletal muscle regeneration and bone tissue repair. However, mechanical weakness and rapid degradation, which causes plasma-derived fibrin matrices to shrink significantly, prompted us to improve their stability. In our study, plasma-derived fibrin was chemically bonded to oxidized alginate (alginate di-aldehyde, ADA) at 10%, 20%, 50% and 80% oxidation, by Schiff base formation, to produce natural hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. First, gelling time studies showed that the degree of ADA oxidation inhibits fibrin polymerization, which we associate with fiber increment and decreased fiber density; moreover, the storage modulus increased when increasing the final volume of CaCl
(1%
) from 80 µL to 200 µL per milliliter of hydrogel. The contraction was similar in matrices with and without human primary fibroblasts (hFBs). In addition, proliferation studies with encapsulated hFBs showed an increment in cell viability in hydrogels with ADA at 10% oxidation at days 1 and 3 with 80 µL of CaCl
; by increasing this compound (CaCl
), the proliferation does not significantly increase until day 7. In the presence of 10% alginate oxidation, the proliferation results are similar to the control, in contrast to the sample with 20% oxidation whose proliferation decreases. Finally, the viability studies showed that the hFB morphology was maintained regardless of the degree of oxidation used; however, the quantity of CaCl
influences the spread of the hFBs.