Nuclear Phosphoinositides: Their Regulation and Roles in Nuclear Functions

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 20; no. 12; p. 2991
• Main Authors: Fiume, R, Faenza, I, Sheth, B, Poli, A, Vidalle, M C, Mazzetti, C, Abdul, S H, Campagnoli, F, Fabbrini, M, Kimber, S T, Mariani, G A, Xian, J, Marvi, M V, Mongiorgi, S, Shah, Z, Divecha, N
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 19-06-2019; MDPI
• Subjects: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AKT protein; Animals; Autophagy; Cell adhesion; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell Nucleus - metabolism; Chemical Phenomena; Computational Biology; demixing; Enzymes; epigenetic signalling; Homology; Humans; Intranuclear Space - metabolism; Kinases; Labeling; lipid kinase; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; liquid-liquid phase separation; Localization; Membranes; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Nuclear Envelope - metabolism; Nuclear receptors; nucleus; Phagocytosis; Phosphatase; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate - chemistry; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate - metabolism; Phosphatidylinositols - chemistry; Phosphatidylinositols - metabolism; Phosphoinositides; Phospholipase; Phospholipase C; Phospholipids; Phosphorylation; Proteins; PtdIns(4,5)P2; PtdIns5P; Review; Second messengers; Signal Transduction; Transcription; phospholipase C; PtdIns5P; liquid-liquid phase separation; lipid kinase; epigenetic signalling; PtdIns(4,5)P2; nucleus; demixing; phosphoinositides
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122991

Polyphosphoinositides (PPIns) are a family of seven lipid messengers that regulate a vast array of signalling pathways to control cell proliferation, migration, survival and differentiation. PPIns are differentially present in various sub-cellular compartments and, through the recruitment and regulation of specific proteins, are key regulators of compartment identity and function. Phosphoinositides and the enzymes that synthesise and degrade them are also present in the nuclear membrane and in nuclear membraneless compartments such as nuclear speckles. Here we discuss how PPIns in the nucleus are modulated in response to external cues and how they function to control downstream signalling. Finally we suggest a role for nuclear PPIns in liquid phase separations that are involved in the formation of membraneless compartments within the nucleus.