Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Lymphoma

• Published in: Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 120
• Main Authors: Nakamura, Shotaro, Hojo, Mariko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 23-12-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Biopsy; Cancer; Clinical medicine; Endoscopy; Genes; Histopathology; Immunoglobulins; Immunotherapy; Lymphoma; Microbiota; Monoclonal antibodies; Pathogenesis; Polymerase chain reaction; Proteins; Remission (Medicine); Review; Stomach; Targeted cancer therapy; Thyroid gland; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; radiotherapy; MALT lymphoma; Helicobacter pylori; gastric lymphoma; chemotherapy; rituximab
• ISSN: 2077-0383; 2077-0383
• DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010120

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, which was first reported in 1984, shows an indolent clinical course. However, the detailed clinicopathological characteristics of gastric MALT lymphoma have not been fully elucidated. We performed a literature search concerning the clinical features and treatment for gastric MALT lymphoma using PubMED. MALT lymphomas develop in single or multiple extranodal organs, of which the stomach is one of the most frequent sites; gastric MALT lymphoma accounts for 7% to 9% of all B-cell lymphomas, and 40% to 50% of primary gastric lymphomas. The eradication of
(
) is the first-line treatment for patients with gastric MALT lymphoma, regardless of the clinical stage. Approximately 60-90% of cases with stage I/II
disease only achieve a complete histological response via
eradication. In patients who do not respond to
eradication therapy, second-line treatments such as watch-and-wait, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, rituximab immunotherapy, and/or a combination of these are recommended. Thus,
plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of gastric MALT lymphoma, and
eradication leads to complete histological remission in the majority of cases.