Fluid responsiveness in the pediatric population

• Published in: Korean journal of anesthesiology Vol. 72; no. 5; pp. 429 - 440
• Main Authors: Lee, Ji-Hyun, Kim, Eun-Hee, Jang, Young-Eun, Kim, Hee-Soo, Kim, Jin-Tae
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Korean Society of Anesthesiologists 01-10-2019; 대한마취통증의학회
• Subjects: Blood Flow Velocity; blood pressure; Blood Pressure - physiology; cardiac output; Cardiac Output - physiology; Child; children; doppler ultrasonography; fluid therapy; Fluid Therapy - methods; hemodynamic monitoring; Humans; oximetry; Pediatrics; Plethysmography; Pulse Wave Analysis; Review; Stroke Volume - physiology; 마취과학; Doppler ultrasonography; Oximetry; Hemodynamic monitoring; Fluid therapy; Blood pressure; Cardiac output; Children
• ISSN: 2005-6419; 2005-7563
• DOI: 10.4097/kja.19305

It is challenging to predict fluid responsiveness, that is, whether the cardiac index or stroke volume index would be increased by fluid administration, in the pediatric population. Previous studies on fluid responsiveness have assessed several variables derived from pressure wave measurements, plethysmography (pulse oximeter plethysmograph amplitude variation), ultrasonography, bioreactance data, and various combined methods. However, only the respiratory variation of aortic blood flow peak velocity has consistently shown a predictive ability in pediatric patients. For the prediction of fluid responsiveness in children, flow- or volume-dependent, noninvasive variables are more promising than pressure-dependent, invasive variables. This article reviews various potential variables for the prediction of fluid responsiveness in the pediatric population. Differences in anatomic and physiologic characteristics between the pediatric and adult populations are covered. In addition, some important considerations are discussed for future studies on fluid responsiveness in the pediatric population.