Ecological prevalence, genetic diversity, and multidrug resistance of Salmonella enteritidis recovered from broiler and layer chicken farms

• Published in: Poultry science Vol. 103; no. 2; p. 103320
• Main Authors: Elsayed, Mona M., El-Basrey, Yara F.H., El-Baz, Amira Hussein, Dowidar, Heba A., Shami, Ashwag, Al-Saeed, Fatimah A., Alsamghan, Awad, Salem, Heba M., Alhazmi, Wafaa Ahmed, El-Tarabily, Khaled A., Khedr, Mariam H.E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Inc 01-02-2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Chickens - microbiology; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics; ERIC-PCR; Farms; Genetic Variation; genotypic description; Microbial Sensitivity Tests - veterinary; MICROBIOLOGY AND FOOD SAFETY; multidrug-resistant strains; Phylogeny; Prevalence; resistance genes; Salmonella; Salmonella enteritidis - genetics; Salmonella; resistance genes; multidrug-resistant strains; genotypic description; ERIC-PCR
• ISSN: 0032-5791; 1525-3171; 1525-3171
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103320

Salmonella is a significant foodborne pathogen that has a significant impact on public health, and different strains of multidrug resistance (MDR) have been identified in this genus. This study used a combination of phenotypic and genotypic approaches to identify distinct Salmonella species collected from poultry broiler and layer farms, and antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed on these species. A total of 56 Salmonella isolates were serotyped, and phenotypic antibiotic resistance was determined for each strain. The enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) method was also used to provide a genotypic description, from which a dendrogram was constructed and the most likely phylogenetic relationships were applied. Salmonella isolates were detected in 20 (17%) out of 117 samples collected from small-scale broiler flocks. Salmonella isolates were classified as MDR strains after showing tolerance to 4 antibiotics, but no resistance to cloxacillin, streptomycin, vancomycin, or netilmicin was observed. From a genotypic perspective, these strains lack dfrD, parC, and blasfo-1 resistant genes, while harboring blactx-M, blaDHA-L, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, gyrA, ermA, ermB, ermC, ermTR, mefA, msrA, tet A, tet B, tet L, tet M resistance genes. The genotyping results obtained with ERIC-PCR allowed isolates to be classified based on the source of recovery. It was determined that Salmonella strains displayed MDR, and many genes associated with them. Additionally, the ERIC-PCR procedure aided in the generation of clusters with biological significance. Extensive research on Salmonella serotypes is warranted, along with the implementation of long-term surveillance programs to monitor MDR Salmonella serotypes in avian-derived foods.