Effect of carnosine supplementation on the plasma lipidome in overweight and obese adults: a pilot randomised controlled trial

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 17458
• Main Authors: Baye, Estifanos, Ukropec, Jozef, de Courten, Maximilian PJ, Vallova, Silvia, Krumpolec, Patrik, Kurdiova, Timea, Aldini, Giancarlo, Ukropcova, Barbara, de Courten, Barbora
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 12-12-2017; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 692/163/2743/2037; 692/163/2743/2099; Adult; Biomarkers - blood; Body weight; Carnosine; Carnosine - therapeutic use; Cholesterol; Clinical trials; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Dyslipidemia; Dyslipidemias - blood; Dyslipidemias - therapy; Female; Glycosylation; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Insulin; Insulin secretion; Lecithin; Lipids - blood; Liquid chromatography; Low density lipoprotein; Male; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; multidisciplinary; Obesity; Overweight; Overweight - blood; Overweight - therapy; Oxidation; Phosphatidylcholine; Pilot Projects; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Secretion; Supplements; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17577-7

Carnosine has been shown to reduce oxidation and glycation of low density lipoprotein hence improving dyslipidaemia in rodents. The effect of carnosine on human plasma lipidome has thus far not been investigated. We aimed to determine whether carnosine supplementation improves the plasma lipidome in overweight and obese individuals. Lipid analysis was performed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in 24 overweight and obese adults: 13 were randomly assigned to 2 g carnosine daily and 11 to placebo, and treated for 12 weeks. Carnosine supplementation maintained trihexosylceramide (0.01 ± 0.19 vs −0.28 ± 0.34 nmol/ml, p = 0.04), phosphatidylcholine (77 ± 167 vs −81 ± 196 nmol/ml, p = 0.01) and free cholesterol (20 ± 80 vs −69 ± 80 nmol/ml, p = 0.006) levels compared to placebo. Trihexosylceramide was inversely related with fasting insulin (r = −0.6, p = 0.002), insulin resistance (r = −0.6, p = 0.003), insulin secretion (r = −0.4, p = 0.05) and serum carnosinase 1 activity (r = −0.3, p = 0.05). Both phosphatidylcholine and free cholesterol did not correlate with any cardiometabolic parameters. Our data suggest that carnosine may have beneficial effects on the plasma lipidome. Future larger clinical trials are needed to confirm this.