Growth after implementing a donor breast milk program in neonates <33 weeks gestational age or birthweight <1500 grams: Retrospective cohort study

• Published in: Journal of perinatology Vol. 43; no. 5; pp. 608 - 615
• Main Authors: Sanchez-Rosado, Mariela, Lair, Cheryl S., Edwards, Audrey, Jacob, Theresa, Heyne, Roy, Brown, L. Steven, Clark, Christopher, Nelson, David B., Wyckoff, Myra H., Kiefaber, Isabelle, Verma, Diksha, Reis, Jordan, Burchfield, Patti J., Sepulveda, Pollienna, Brion, Luc P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Nature Publishing Group US 01-05-2023; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 692/308/409; 692/700/1720; Birth Weight; Breast milk; Breastfeeding & lactation; Cohort analysis; Dietary supplements; Discharge; Donations; Female; Gestational Age; Human growth; Humans; Infant; Infant Formula; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; Infants; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Milk, Human; Neonates; Newborn babies; Pediatric Surgery; Pediatrics; Premature babies; Retrospective Studies; Vitamin D; Weight; Zinc
• ISSN: 0743-8346; 1476-5543
• DOI: 10.1038/s41372-023-01627-2

Background
Donor breast milk (DBM) feeding has been associated with less growth than formula in preterm infants. Zinc content in DBM is insufficient to support growth in preterm infants.
Objective
To compare growth from birth to discharge, macro- and micronutrient intake and the frequency of poor growth before (Epoch-1) and after (Epoch-2) implementing a DBM program.
Methods
Retrospective cohort study of 1069 infants born at < 33 weeks’ gestational age or birthweight < 1500 g and fed using our adjustable feeding protocol with accurate serial length measurements. Growth was assessed by changes in Z-scores of weight, length and fronto-occipital circumference from birth to discharge.
Results
Growth did not decrease significantly in Epoch-2. However, energy and protein intake increased by 5% and frequency of zinc and vitamin D supplementation increased by >30%.
Conclusions
DBM implementation did not significantly decrease growth from birth to discharge using our adjustable feeding protocol.