Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins modulate IL-22-secreting cells in adults with atopic dermatitis

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 8; no. 1; pp. 6665 - 10
• Main Authors: Orfali, Raquel Leao, da Silva Oliveira, Luanda Mara, de Lima, Josenilson Feitosa, de Carvalho, Gabriel Costa, Ramos, Yasmim Alefe Leuzzi, Pereira, Natalli Zanete, Pereira, Naiura Vieira, Zaniboni, Mariana Colombini, Sotto, Mirian Nacagami, da Silva Duarte, Alberto José, Sato, Maria Notomi, Aoki, Valeria
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 27-04-2018; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 13; 13/21; 13/31; 13/51; 38/77; 692/420/256; 692/420/2780/2152/1566/1618; Adult; Apoptosis; Atopic dermatitis; CD4 antigen; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; CD8 antigen; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Colonization; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Atopic - pathology; Eczema; Enterotoxins - metabolism; Female; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Hyperplasia; Immunologic Factors - metabolism; Immunology; Interleukin 17; Interleukin 22; Interleukins - blood; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Male; Middle Aged; multidisciplinary; Peripheral blood; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Skin diseases; Staphylococcal Skin Infections - complications; Staphylococcus aureus; Transcription; Young Adult; γ-Interferon
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25125-0

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated skin disease characterized by skin colonization by
Staphylococcus aureus
. Interleukin (IL)-22, in cooperation with IL-17, triggers antimicrobial peptide elaboration and enhances certain immunological responses. In AD, IL-22 is related to epidermal hyperplasia, keratinocyte apoptosis, and inhibition of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production. We aimed to evaluate the impact of staphylococcal enterotoxins on the Tc22/Th22 induction in the peripheral blood of AD patients and on CD4
+/
CD8
+
T cells expressing IL-22 in AD skin. Our study showed inhibition of the staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B (SEA and SEB) response by Th22 (CD4
+
IL-22
+
IL-17A
−
IFN-γ
−
) cells in AD patients. In contrast, Tc22 (CD8
+
IL-22
+
IL-17A
−
IFN-γ
−
) cells were less susceptible to the inhibitory effects of staphylococcal enterotoxins and exhibited an enhanced response to the bacterial stimuli. In AD skin, we detected increased IL-22 transcript expression and T lymphocytes expressing IL-22. Together, our results provide two major findings in response to staphylococcal enterotoxins in adults with AD: dysfunctional CD4
+
IL-22 secreting T cells and increased Tc22 cells. Our hypothesis reinforces the relevance of CD8 T cells modulated by staphylococcal enterotoxins as a potential source of IL-22 in adults with AD, which is relevant for the maintenance of immunological imbalance.