Three years of Galileo dust data: ii. 1993–1995

• Published in: Planetary and space science Vol. 47; no. 1; pp. 85 - 106
• Main Authors: Krüger, H., Grün, E., Hamilton, D.P., Baguhl, M., Dermott, S., Fechtig, H., Gustafson, B.a., Hanner, M.S., Horányi, M., Kissel, J., Lindblad, B.a., Linkert, D., Linkert, G., Mann, I., McDonnell, J.a.m., Morfill, G.e., Polanskey, C., Riemann, R., Schwehm, G., Srama, R., Zook, H.a.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01-01-1999
• Subjects: Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi; Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology; Fysik; Natural Sciences; Naturvetenskap; Physical Sciences
• ISSN: 0032-0633; 1873-5088; 1873-5088
• DOI: 10.1016/S0032-0633(98)00097-X

Between January 1993–December 1995, the Galileo spacecraft traversed interplanetaryspace between Earth and Jupiter and arrived at Jupiter on 7 December 1995. The dust instrumentonboard the spacecraft was operating during most of the time and data from the instrument wereobtained via memory readouts which occurred at rates between twice per day and once per week.All events were classified by an onboard program into 24 categories. Noise events were usuallyrestricted to the lowest categories (class 0). During Galileos passage through Jupiters radiationbelts on 7 December 1995, several of the higher categories (classes 1 and 2) also show evidencefor contamination by noise. The highest categories (class 3) were noise-free all the time. Arelatively constant impact rate of interplanetary and interstellar (big) particles of 0.4 impacts perday was detected over the whole three-year time span. In the outer solar system (outside about2.6 AU) they are mostly of interstellar origin, whereas in the inner solar system they are mostlyinterplanetary particles. Within about 1.7 AU from Jupiter intense streams of small dust particleswere detected with impact rates of up to 20,000 per day whose impact directions are compatiblewith a Jovian origin. Two different populations of dust particles were detected in Jovianmagnetosphere: small stream particles during Galileos approach to the planet and big particlesconcentrated closer to Jupiter between the Galilean satellites. There is strong evidence that thedust stream particles are orders of magnitude smaller in mass and faster than the instrumentscalibration, whereas the calibration is valid for the big particles. Because the data transmissionrate was very low, the complete data set for only a small fraction (2525) of all detected particlescould be transmitted to Earth; the other particles were only counted. Together with the 358particles published earlier, information about 2883 particles detected by the dust instrumentduring Galileos six years journey to Jupiter is now available.