Detection of viral acute lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized infants using real-time PCR

• Published in: The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association Vol. 64; no. 1; pp. 13 - 19
• Main Authors: Meligy, Bassant, Sayed, Amal, Ismail, Dalia Kadry, Kamal, Dina, Abdel-Latif, Walaa, Erfan, Dina M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Elsevier B.V 01-03-2016; Egyptian Pediatric Association; The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Acute lower respiratory tract infection; Infants; PCR; Viral; الأمراض الحادة; الالتهاب الرئوي; التشخيص; الجهاز التنفسي; الرضع; العدوى; تفاعل البوليمراز المتسلسل; طب الأطفال; CRP; Ad; RV; Viral; CMTA; CRX; SARS; TLC; Infants; ALRTI; PaO2; RSV; Acute lower respiratory tract infection; hMPV; PIV; PCR; WHO; CMTA, Catcher Melting Temperature Analysis; hMPV, human metapneumovirus; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; TLC, total leucocytic count; CRP, C reactive protein; RV, rhinovirus; ALRTI, acute lower respiratory tract infection; CRX, chest X ray; PIV, parainfluenza virus; Ad, adenovirus; PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen; WHO, World Health Organization; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus
• ISSN: 1110-6638; 2090-9942; 1110-6638
• DOI: 10.1016/j.epag.2015.11.005

Acute lower respiratory tract infection in children causes significant morbidity in the developing countries. Documentation of virus infection using PCR and clinical characteristics of patients affected with viral pneumonia are reviewed in this study.
51 children less than three years admitted to the Pediatric Hospital, Cairo University with viral pneumonia were included. All patients had undergone nasopharyngeal aspirate for PCR viral detection.
A total of 51 cases were enrolled in the study, of which 7 cases were negative while 44 children were positive for viruses. The most common respiratory virus was Rhinovirus in 32 patients (72.2%), then parainfluenza virus (PIV) in 12 (27.3%), of which subtypes PIV1 were 2 (4.5%), PIV3 were 5 (11.4%) and PIV4 were 5 (11.4%) cases. The third common viruses were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in 9 (20.5%) cases of which 3 (6.8%) were RSVA and 6 (13.6%) were RSVB and adenovirus in 9 cases (20.5%). Boca virus was found in 8 (18.2%) patients, corona virus 2 (4.5%) patients, H1N1 2 (4.5%) patients, enterovirus 2 patients (4.5%) and human metapneumovirus in one case (2.3%). Influenza B and PIV2 were not detected. Coinfection was found in 28 (63.7%). Mortality occurred in 12 (23.5%). There was no significant relation between virus type or coinfection with disease severity.
RV was the most commonly detected virus in children under 3years admitted with acute lower respiratory tract infections. Coinfection was present in the majority of our patients; however it was not related significantly to parameters of disease severity.