Assessing food insecurity prevalence and associated factors among college students enrolled in a university in the Southeast USA

• Published in: Public health nutrition Vol. 22; no. 3; pp. 383 - 390
• Main Authors: Wooten, Ruth, Spence, Marsha, Colby, Sarah, Anderson Steeves, Elizabeth
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01-03-2019
• Subjects: Academic achievement; Bivariate analysis; College campuses; College students; Colleges & universities; Electronic mail systems; Federal agencies; Food; Food security; Graduate students; Health care; Independent variables; Mathematical analysis; Monitoring and Surveillance; Population; Regression analysis; Research Paper; Socioeconomic factors; Statistical methods; Student loans; Students; Systematic review; Tuition; University students; Variance analysis; United States > US; Food insecurity; College students; Southeast USA; Financial support; Previous food insecurity
• ISSN: 1368-9800; 1475-2727
• DOI: 10.1017/S1368980018003531

To assess rates of food insecurity (FI) among college students enrolled at a large public university system across one US state and identify factors associated with experiencing FI.
Cross-sectional online survey administered to eligible, enrolled students (n 38 614) across three campuses within the university system, with 5593 students responding (4824 final sample after applying exclusion criteria, 12·5 % response rate). FI was assessed using the US Department of Agriculture's Adult Food Security Survey Module. Descriptive statistics were conducted to calculate FI status and identify sample characteristics. Associations between FI status and independent variables were assessed using bivariate analyses (χ2 and ANOVA tests) and multivariate logistic regression.
Large public university system, Southeast USA.ParticipantsEnrolled college students (excluding freshman, <18 years of age).
Thirty-six per cent of students were classified as FI. After controlling for confounders, factors that were significantly associated with increased likelihood of FI included previous FI (P<0·001; OR=4·78), financial factors and self-reported grade point average ≤3·85. Seniors were significantly more likely experience FI than graduate students (P=0·004, OR=1·41). A significant relationship was not identified between FI and meal plan participation, and no differences in FI were found between graduate students and individuals with sophomore or junior standing.
This research identifies high rates of FI among college students enrolled in a large public university system in the Southeast USA, as well as selected factors related to FI. Programmes to assist college students experiencing FI need to be developed and tested.