Association between change in self-reported sugar intake and a sugar biomarker (δ 13 C) in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes

• Published in: Journal of nutritional science (Cambridge) Vol. 9; p. e16
• Main Authors: Henze, Martha M, Bemis, Elizabeth A, Seifert, Jennifer A, Johnson, Randi K, Dong, Fran, Rewers, Marian, Norris, Jill M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Cambridge University Press 01-01-2020
• Subjects: Added sugars; Antigens; Beverages; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Brief Report; Carbon; Child; Child, Preschool; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - chemically induced; Diet; Dietary assessment; Dietary biomarkers; Dietary Sucrose - adverse effects; Eating; Female; Food; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Intervention; Isotopes; Male; Medical screening; Nutrition research; Population; Prospective Studies; Ratios; Self Report; Sugar; Sugars - adverse effects; United States > US; DAISY, Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young; Added sugars; Dietary assessment; Isotopes; Dietary biomarkers
• ISSN: 2048-6790; 2048-6790
• DOI: 10.1017/jns.2020.9

We examined whether change in added sugar intake is associated with change in δ
C, a novel sugar biomarker, in thirty-nine children aged 5-10 years selected from a Colorado (USA) prospective cohort of children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes. Reported added sugar intake via FFQ and δ
C in erythrocytes were measured at two time points a median of 2 years apart. Change in added sugar intake was associated with change in the δ
C biomarker, where for every 1-g increase in added sugar intake between the two time points, there was an increase in δ
C of 0⋅0082 (
= 0⋅0053), independent of change in HbA1c and δ
N. The δ
C biomarker may be used as a measure of compliance in an intervention study of children under the age of 10 years who are at increased risk for type 1 diabetes, in which the goal was to reduce dietary sugar intake.